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Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids. Nucleic Acid Basics. Contain instructions to build proteins 2 types: DNA RNA. Blueprint to build a car. Protein built from DNA instructions. Nucleic Acid Basics. Contain instructions to build proteins 2 types: DNA RNA Composed of smaller units called nucleotides

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Nucleic Acids

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  1. Nucleic Acids

  2. Nucleic Acid Basics • Contain instructions to build proteins • 2 types: • DNA • RNA Blueprint to build a car Protein built from DNA instructions

  3. Nucleic Acid Basics Contain instructions to build proteins 2 types: DNA RNA Composed of smaller units called nucleotides Monomer: Nucleotide Polymer: Nucleic acid nucleotide monomer nucleotide nucleotide Nucleic acid (polymer) nucleotide nucleotide nucleotide

  4. NucleotideStructure What’s a nucleotide? Monomer of nucleic acids nucleotide monomer nucleotide nucleotide Nucleic acid (polymer) nucleotide nucleotide nucleotide

  5. NucleotideStructure What’s a nucleotide? Monomer of nucleic acids Three parts 5 Carbon Sugar molecule Phosphate group 1 of 4 Nitrogen bases (A, T, C, or G) Nucleotides combine to make nucleic acids

  6. 1 min: Discuss with your neighbor 1. How many nucleotides are pictured? 2. What is this long chain of nucleotides called? 3. Name the blue shaped pentagon molecule. 4. What are these individual monomers called? 5. What will these instructions be used to create? A Six G C Nucleic acid T Sugar T Nucleotides G Protein

  7. Deoxyribonucleic Acid A T G C G C C G T A • Double Helix: 2 chains of nucleotides • Four nitrogen bases: Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine • Chargaff’s Rules: • A pairs with T • C pairs with G (can you predict the missing bases?) • Gene: section of DNA that codes for a protein

  8. How many Nucleotides? 1 7 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12

  9. Ribonucleic Acid A • Single chain of nucleotides • Nitrogen bases: Adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine C U U G

  10. Ribonucleic Acid Single chain of nucleotides Nitrogen bases: Adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine Function: Deliver instructions from DNA to ribosome

  11. 1 min: Discuss with your neighbor monosaccharide polysaccharide Amino acid Fatty acid Nucleotide

  12. review Vocabulary: Monomer, Polymer, Nucleotide, Double helix, Nitrogen base Name the monomer of nucleic acids. How are the four nitrogen bases of DNA abbreviated? RNA? Name the three parts to a nucleotide. What does the phosphate molecule of a nucleotide bond with? If the DNA nitrogen bases were TACCGGAT, how would the attached DNA strand read? How are DNA and RNA different? Same?

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