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Antigens vs. Antibodies

Antigens vs. Antibodies. Brian Keh, Towaki Dojima, Jeff Gallardo, Julio Villafuerte. Introductory. Distinguish between antigens and antibodies Explain why antibiotics are effective against bacteria but not against viruses. Antigens.

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Antigens vs. Antibodies

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  1. Antigens vs. Antibodies Brian Keh, Towaki Dojima, Jeff Gallardo, Julio Villafuerte

  2. Introductory • Distinguish between antigens and antibodies • Explain why antibiotics are effective against bacteria but not against viruses.

  3. Antigens • Refers to any chemical that can stimulate a specific immune response • Protein based molecule on the cell walls and cell membranes • Allows for cell communication • Cells of the same kind have same antigens • Cells of different kinds have different antigens • Viruses don’t have antigens

  4. Antibodies • A protein molecule that binds specifically to antigens • Also called immunoglobulin • Made by B-cells (type of white blood cells) • Each human have around 108 different types of B-cells. Each antibodies make slightly different antibodies

  5. Antibodies • By antibodies binding to antigens • Make pathogens weaker/recognizable so they are more ready to be engulfed by phagocytes • Makes the host cell taken over by viruses weaker/more recognizable

  6. Antibodies • Antibodies are Y shaped

  7. Video Clips • Video link showing and explaining the action of antibodies: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ys_V6FcYD5I • Video link showing the action of antibodies, no explanation: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrYlZJiuf18&NR=1&feature=fvwp

  8. Explain why antibiotics are effective against bacteria but not against viruses. Bacteria • A type of pathogen • Has antigens • Does not need a host cell to reproduce Virus • A type of pathogen • Does not have antigens • Needs a host cell to reproduce

  9. Antibiotics • Artificially manufactured antibodies. • Antibiotics cure disease by weakening bacteria • Occurs through the same methods that antibodies work on antigens. • Although antibiotics are useful in a wide variety of infections, it is important to realize that antibiotics only treat bacterial infections.

  10. Why don’t antibiotics work on viruses? • Viruses have different metabolic pathways to bacteria – so antibiotic drugs have nothing to target • Viruses also do not have antigens which are needed for the antibodies to work. • Viruses have different structures, e.g. protein coat instead of cell wall • Viruses are protected by the host cell structure • Viruses use host cell metabolism

  11. Bibliography • http://www.slideshare.net/gurustip/defense-against-infectious-disease-core-presentation • http://www.emedicinehealth.com/antibiotics/page5_em.htm

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