Presentation outline

1. Regional Training Workshop to Improve Use of Existing Data for Monitoring Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment in Africa.26-28 September 2011, Kampala, Uganda Monitoring of SDGs and Agenda 2063: Data availability issues related to selected indicators in SDGs (3, 4,5,6,7,8, 13, 16 and 17) OPOKU MANU ASARE

2. Presentation outline • What are data, statistics and indicators? • Purpose of making data, statistics and indicators available • What does data, statistics and indicators availability entail? • Principles of data availability • An Overview of the Agenda 2063 Indicators • An Overview of the SDG Indicators • Classification of Indicators • What are the availability issues related to selected indicators in SDGs • Challenges and gaps in data and indicators availability • How to improve data and indicators availability • Data integration into Gender

3. Preamble “Leaving no one behind is the overarching principle of the 2030 Agenda. However, without data and indicators that address specific groups within a population, including the most vulnerable, full implementation of the commitments made in the SDGs will not be possible. A global effort to improve data availability and use, including through improvements in the integration of data sources, has already begun. But much work lies ahead. The global statistical community stands ready to transform and modernize the way this work is undertaken in order to fully meet current needs and to fulfil our promise to present and future generations” Wu Hongbo, Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs

4. What are data, statistics and indicators? • Data are set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables. Eg. The number of people in this hall is 22 • Statistics: 1a; Statistics is a branch of mathematics dealing with the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data • 1b. Statistics is the processed data that can be used to take decisions or further values derived from processing data (In this hall, there are 15 females and 7 males) • Indicator is a measure that is used to demonstrate change in a situation (number of women attending this workshop in this hall/number of men (Total attendance) attending this workshop in this hall; over time. Ratio of female to male=, ratio of male to female= (Rates, ratios, numbers)

5. Importance of data, statistics and indicators Data, statistics and Indicators are important to achieve the following: • In particular, DATA and STATISTICS help to: • Ask: “What is it?” Identify issue/concern/challenge • Use it to address issue/concern/challenge by development policy or programme • Set GOALS and TARGETS In particular, Indicators help to: • MEASUREprogress, monitor progress, evaluate impart, report progress Data, statistics and indicators help to: • Facilitate development and promote the quality of life of “ALL”

6. Are data sets public goods or services? • Public good. A commodity or service that is provided without profit to all members of a society, either by the government or by a private individual or organization. Eg. Roods, Hospital, Football Park • Public goods or services are intended to benefit or well-being of the public, especially the poor, vulnerable, and disadvantage groups •  Are we expected to make income or profit for a public good or service? There is "the frequent conflict between the public good and private interests"

7. Are data sets public goods or services?Implications!!! • Public good. A commodity or service that is provided without profit to all members of a society, either by the government or by a private individual or organization. Eg. Roods, Hospital, Football Park • Public goods or services are intended to benefit or well-being of the public, especially the poor, vulnerable, and disadvantage groups •  Are we expected to make income or profit for a public good or service? There is "the frequent conflict between the public good and private interests“ • ==Data availability is a function of how Official Statistics Offices consider data: public good or not

8. Purpose of making data, statistics and indicators available • Know, appreciate and understand ourselves, communities and nations better. Data, statistics and indicators tell/paint a good picture about who we are as countries, households, groups, individuals etc. Our strengths, weakness, needs, challenges, problems, preferences, gaps etc • Evidence-based decision making. Data are the lifeblood of decision-making and the raw material for accountability. Without high-quality data providing the right information on the right things at the right time; designing, monitoring and evaluating effective policies becomes almost impossible. (A World That Counts, November 2014, p.2). • Planning, implementing, budgeting, monitoring and evaluation progress and results, reporting • Without publicly accessible data, citizens and external groups cannot keep UN member states accountable for their progress in implementing each of the goals.

9. What does data, statistics and indicators availability entail? • Simply stated, availability is the condition wherein a given resource can be accessed by its consumers. So in terms of databases, availability means that if a database is available, the users of its data—that is, applications, customers, and business users—can access it. Any condition that renders the resource inaccessible causes the opposite of availability: unavailability. •  Varian, H. R. (1992) examined data availability as means in every format, at no cost, and documented to extent of being usable without assistance by anyone, but also with human assistance provided when there are problems. • (Karr, 2012) suggested that datasets are not, except to a few enthusiast, the ultimate product of official statistics agencies. That product is, rather, the decisions by governments, businesses and individuals that are based on the data. Analogously, data availability has no intrinsic value to most people, whereas things that can be accomplished as a result of availability do have definable value • Data availability encapsulates all the factors affecting our ability to use the data for a BI solution. In this section, we explore some of the most common factors that affect availability. Varian, H. R. (1992). Microeconomic Analysis. W. W. Norton, New York. Third edition

10. Principles of data availability Availability comprises four distinct components, which, in combination, assure that systems are running and business can be conducted: • Manageability—the ability to create and maintain an effective environment that delivers data, statistics and indicator service to users • Recoverability—the ability to reestablish data, statistics and indicator service in the event of an error or component failure • Reliability—the ability to deliver data, statistics and indicator service at specified levels for a stated period • Serviceability—the ability to determine the existence of data, statistics and indicator problems, diagnose their cause(s), and fix the problems.

12. An Overview of the Agenda 2063 Indicators • On the occasion of the Golden Jubilee of the OAU in May 2013, Africa’s political leadership acknowledged past achievements and challenges and rededicated itself to the Pan African vision of “an integrated, prosperous and peaceful Africa, driven by its own citizens and representing a dynamic force in the international arena.” • The AU Summit tasked the African Union Commission (AUC), supported by the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA), the African Development Bank (AfDB) and the UN Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), to prepare a 50-year continental agenda through a people-driven process. • Agenda 2063 was developed through an extensive consultative process involving various African stakeholders, including the youth, women, Civil Society Organizations, the Diaspora, African Think Tanks and Research Institutions, Government planners, Private Sector, the African media, inter-faith leaders, the Forum for Former African Heads of State and Government, African Islands States and others. In addition, ideas captured from continent wide sector ministerial meetings and meetings with the Regional Economic Communities are included. Outcomes of these consultations form the basis for the Aspirations of the African People, the driver of Agenda 2063.

13. Strategic framework of Agenda 2063 • Agenda 2063, Africa’s endogenous plan for structural transformation and a shared strategic framework for inclusive growth and sustainable development, consists of three dimensions as follows: 1. The Vision for 2063: based on the African Union Vision and the seven aspirations emanating from the voices of the stakeholders consulted, it paints a vivid picture of where Africans would like to see their continent 50 years from now, when Africa would be celebrating the centenary of the founding of the OAU. The vision incorporates milestones, which represent transitions in the journey towards the “Africa we Want” by 2063. 2. • The Transformation Framework: presents the foundations on which Agenda 2063 is built, as well as the detailed milestones in the journey in the form of goals, priority areas, targets and indicative strategies. The framework is presented in two comprehensive results matrices; at national and at regional and continental levels. This will facilitate measurement of progress and strengthen accountability for results at all levels. The transformation framework represents the “what must be done” to attain the vision for 2063. • Making it Happen: outlines the “how to get there” of Agenda 2063, and treats aspects related to: implementation, monitoring and evaluation principles and responsibilities; financing; partnerships; capacities for implementation; and communication and outreach.

14. Agenda 2063: Common and a shared set of aspirations Guiding vision for Agenda 2063 is the AU Vision of “ An integrated, prosperous and peaceful Africa, driven by its own citizens and representing a dynamic force in international arena” • A prosperous Africa based on inclusive growth and sustainable development; • An integrated continent, politically united, based on the ideals of Pan Africanism and the vision of Africa’s Renaissance; • An Africa of good governance, respect for human rights, justice and the rule of law; • A peaceful and secure Africa; • An Africa with a strong cultural identity, common heritage, values and ethics; • An Africa whose development is people-driven, relying on the potential of African people, especially its women and youth, and caring for children; and • 7 Africa as a strong, united, resilient and influential global player and partner.

15. Gender issues: Aspiration 6 Aspiration 6 (An Africa whose development is people-driven, relying on the potential of African people, especially its women and youth, and caring for children): • strengthening the role of Africa’s women through ensuring gender equality and parity in all spheres of life (political, economic and social); eliminating all forms of discrimination and violence against women and girls; creating opportunities for Africa’s youth for self-realization, access to health, education and jobs; and ensuring safety and security for Africa’s children, and providing for early childhood development.

16. Some selected indicators of Agenda 20163

17. Sustainable Development Goals • Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages • Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all • Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls • Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all • Goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

18. Sustainable Development Goals (Cont.) • Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all • Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts • Goal 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels • Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

19. Why the selected SDGs? • All the 17 SDG Goals have Gender issues • However, SDGs (3, 4,5,6,7,8, 13, 16 and 17) have direct and greater consequential effects on Gender • Society, especially in LDCs are facing numerous challenges because of lack of interest and attention to Gender issues • Thus, when these selected Goals are vigorously pursued, it will accelerate National growth and development • However, appropriate indicators will help to evaluate changes that are occurring as we seek to improve gender issues

20. An Overview of the SDG Indicators • The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), otherwise known as the Global Goals, are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity. • The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), officially known as Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a set of: 17 "Global Goals" 169 Targets between them. 230 Indicators

21. Classification of Indicators • On 21 September 2016, the SDG indicators revised and classified into Tiers by the Inter-agency and Expert Group on SDG Indicators (IAEGSDGs). The indicators were classified into three tiers based on their level of methodological development and data availability. • Tier 1: Tier 1: Indicator is conceptually clear, has an internationally established methodology and standards are available, and data are regularly produced by countries for at least 50 per cent of countries and of the population in every region where the indicator is relevant. • Tier 2: Indicator is conceptually clear, has an internationally established methodology and standards are available, but data are not regularly produced by countries. • Tier 3: No internationally established methodology or standards are yet available for the indicator, but methodology/standards are being (or will be) developed or tested. As of 20 April 2017: The updated tier classification contains: • 81 (83) Tier I indicators • 57 (59) Tier II indicators • 88 (83) Tier III indicators.

22. Classification of Indicators (Cont.) • In addition to these, there are 5 indicators that have multiple tiers (different components of the indicator are classified into different tiers). The updated tier classification contains (230) 81 Tier I indicators, 57 Tier II indicators and 88 Tier III indicators. I • In addition to these, there are 4 indicators that have multiple tiers (different components of the indicator are classified into different tiers). • Tier 3 Indicators, as marked by the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on the Sustainable Development Goal Indicators, are indicators “for which there are no established methodology and standards or methodology/standards are being developed/tested.” • We also want to highlight which Tier 3 indicators are being ‘fast tracked’ (where custodian agencies asked for fixes to more quickly reclassify indicators) as well as which have workplans established (custodian agencies and stakeholders were asked to consult about potential work plans for Tier 3 indicators to be presented at the fifth meeting). Most, but not all, indicators have workplans. • Below, please find the definitions of the three indicator tiers, based on an updated explanation as developed by the IAEG-SDG at the 5th Meeting in March 2017: Tier 1: Indicator is conceptually clear, has an internationally established methodology and standards are available, and data are regularly produced by countries for at least 50 per cent of countries and of the population in every region where the indicator is relevant.

23. Illustrations of the Tiers

24. SDG Indicators by Tier Classification

25. Accessibility of Tier 1 Indicators

26. How to improve data and indicators availabilitySDG Indicators • Improve methodology, using international standards • Improve on the concepts and definitions • Laws and legislation, as well as policies • Develop good statistical strategies eg NSDS • Leadership, managerial and political commitment • Establish statistical councils/inter-ministerial working groups • Mobilize resources and political commitment to implement NSDS • Strengthen institutional coordination and collaboration (NACPUS) • Advocacy (awareness, sensitization) and resource mobilization • Encourage statistical literacy • Improve ICT, especially Technology

27. How to improve data and indicators availability (Cont.)SDG Indicators • Invest in data production, management and development • Strengthen public-private partnership in data development and management • Funding of statistical activities (Like the CAADP, set a proportion of national budget for research and data management and development • Build institutional and human resources capacity (Recruitment, training etc) Specialized training institutions RIPS in Ghana • Work on data security • Continuously implement policy framework and strategies such as Census, Registration& Vital Statistics, METADATA, APD, • Seek international collaboration, networking and support (Take advantage of globalization)

28. Integrating gender issues into gender statisticsSDG Indicators • Gender mainstreaming • Solicit the interest, views, knowledge, skills, experiences etc of beneficiary people (women and men, communities) • Make conscious effort to design data development and management in terms of methodologies, procedure and dissemination • Communicate and share results • Prepare a gender responsive budget • Set aside certain percentage of GDP for statistics, focusing on gender • Create national and community awareness

29. Integrating gender issues into gender statistics (cont)SDG Indicators • Enact and implement laws, regulations, policies, programmes, projects • Improve content, methods, classifications and measurements from a gender perspective • Communication and presentation and dissemination of gender statistics should reach all potential target groups. • Gender statistics and the results of data-based gender analysis should be disseminated to a wide range of users • Capacity building and training, eg syllabus, text books, articles

30. Data availability: Conceptual, Measurement and Statistical issuesSDG Indicators • Methodology (collect, compile, analyze, disseminate and published) Measurement issues SDGs indicators • Definition and operationlization of concepts (By law, practice, administration, international standards, statistics and research, by birth) Example: What is productive and unproductive works? (Who is a female and male?) Transgender issue!!! • Differences between sex and gender • Gender equality, parity, gap • Gender opportunities • Delineate women contribution from men at the household level, community and country • Imputing values for work or missing values • Nature and coverage gender issues and statistics

31. Data availability: Conceptual, Measurement and Statistical issues (Cont.)SDG Indicators • Methodologies (Approaches to data collection and measurements) • Conceptual issues, economic contribution • Data sources • Not in a format needed (International standard), eg lack of disaggregation • Non-existing data. Data not available • Conversion of data sets and statistics into indicators (numerators and denominators) • Aligning national/regional/community development priorities and the SDGs • Ownership: who owns data? (MDAs, Private sector) • Data as public good or private ownership with income and profit motive

32. Data availability: Conceptual, Measurement and Statistical issues (Cont.) SDG Indicators • Data integrity • Data accuracy • Timeliness • Data gaps • Data awareness • Access to appropriate data sets • Mode of storage, archiving, dissemination • Data Security • Funding and Cost

33. Exercise • Propose solutions to data availability: Conceptual, Measurement and Statistical issues List two Gender issues at your home • Write one page proposal on an article on: “Gender equality in Uganda: Realities and Illusions” • List two Gender issues at your community • List two Gender issues at your workplace • List two Gender issues at the National level • How are you mainstreaming gender issues into your decision making at your home • List two Gender mainstreaming policies at the National level • List two Gender mainstreaming programmes at the National level

34. Thank you