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CHAPTER TWO THE GROWTH OF PUBLIC RELATIONS. In the Beginning…. Public Relations Evolution due to: . Growth of big institutions The rights of all individuals Technology and communications Growth of public opinion and democracy Internet and World Wide Web connections.
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CHAPTERTWOTHE GROWTH OF PUBLIC RELATIONS In the Beginning…..
Public Relations Evolutiondue to: • Growth of big institutions • The rights of all individuals • Technology and communications • Growth of public opinion and democracy • Internet and World Wide Web connections
Periods of Historical Significance Ancient contributions: • Greek sophists and oratory • Roman persuasive techniques • Pope Gregory XV and propaganda
American Beginnings • Committees of Correspondence • Boston Tea Party • The Federalist Papers • Bill of Rights
“The Public Be Fooled Era” • P.T. Barnum • Master publicist • Staged events
Press Agentry • Amos Kendall • First presidential press secretary • Part of Jackson’s Kitchen Cabinet • The Globe
Advent of the Muckrakers • The Jungle by Upton Sinclair • History of the Standard Oil Company by Ida Tarbell • McClure’s Magazine
Clue: Trust-busting Why did American businesses need to be watched by outsiders?
Clue: Wealth=Power Who were the robber barons?
“Public Be Informed Era” • Ivy Ledbetter Lee, Father of Modern Public Relations • Declaration of Principles • Not Secret • Not Advertising • Accurate and Open
Modern Public Relations Publicity Era
Public Relations gets a start from government • President Wilson creates the Creel Committee • Creel Committee led by George Creel
Counseling • Publicity Bureau established in l900 • First Publicity Agency l902
CounselingEra • Edward L. Bernays, public relations scholar • Taught the first course at NYU • Wrote the first seminal works in public relations • Crystallzing Public Opinion
Counseling Era • Edward L. Bernays married to first “mother” of public relations • Doris E. Fleischman • Together they built a national top agency
Clue: Taboos What famous relative did Bernays claim as his uncle?
Public Relations Evolution • Growth of large institutions and responsibility • Increased changes, conflicts, and confrontations among interest groups • Awareness of sophisticated communications technology • Growth of public opinion and spread of global democracy • Growth of the Internet and World Wide Web
Public Relations Education • 200 Communication and Journalism programs offer concentrated studies in public relations • Up from 12 schools in l951 • The Public Relations Society of America organized in l947, 20,000 members in 117 chapters nationally • The Public Relations Student Society of America formed in l968 and has 6,500 student members at 220 colleges and universities
Clue: Roots Why is public relations history important to the practice today?
Clue: Historical markers What is the significance of press agentry, publicity, and counseling to the practice of public relations?
Clue: Counselors seeded How did the World Wars play a role in the growth of public relations?
Can you win at the deck of cards? • Identify the public relations historical figure with the card. • Exercise