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The Biology of Atherosclerosis, Heart Attacks and Strokes

The Biology of Atherosclerosis, Heart Attacks and Strokes. Bryan Holden. First Things First…. What is Atherosclerosis? - It is the progressive depositing of lipids and cells in the inner layer of an artery -It is the most common cause of heart attacks and strokes

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The Biology of Atherosclerosis, Heart Attacks and Strokes

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  1. The Biology of Atherosclerosis, Heart Attacks and Strokes Bryan Holden

  2. First Things First… What is Atherosclerosis? -It is the progressive depositing of lipids and cells in the inner layer of an artery -It is the most common cause of heart attacks and strokes -Accounts for 75% of all cardiovascular disease deaths

  3. Low Density Lipoprotein

  4. The Mechanism of a Heart Attack • WBC’s adhere to luminal surface of the artery wall. • WBC’s differentiate into macrophages to fight an infection • Macrophages can readily endocytose LDL cholesterol into artery • Cholesterol is converted to an ester and is passed into the macrophage forming a foam cell

  5. Accumulation of cholesterol forms a fatty streak

  6. Smooth muscle cells secrete more cholesterol. A plaque is formed along with a fibrous cap

  7. Plaque ruptures and forms a blood clot instantly

  8. Blood clot results in… Heart attack Stroke Death

  9. Treatments Balloon stretching Removal of plaques Stents Bypass surgery

  10. Prevention of Atherosclerosis • Exercise: 30 minutes most of the days of the week • Eat a diet low in saturated fats • Don’t smoke

  11. Hazzah 4 Spring

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