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The Indus and Aryan Civilizations

The Indus and Aryan Civilizations. Clare, Krista, Julie, and Deighton. The Indus Civilization. Government. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were the twin capitals of the Indus. They had a well organized government. Any rulers of this civilization are unknown. Agriculture and Trade.

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The Indus and Aryan Civilizations

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  1. The Indus and Aryan Civilizations Clare, Krista, Julie, and Deighton

  2. The Indus Civilization

  3. Government • Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were the twin capitals of the Indus. • They had a well organized government. • Any rulers of this civilization are unknown.

  4. Agriculture and Trade • Many people were farmers. • Farmers grew wheat, barley, melons and dates. • The Indus Valley people were the first to cultivate cotton. • Their ships carried cargos of cotton cloth, grain, copper, pearls, and ivory combs to distant lands.

  5. Religion • Polytheistic • Believed in a mother goddess who was the source of creation. • Buffalo and bulls were sacred animals, which influenced Indian beliefs.

  6. Decline of Indus Valley • Started to decline in 1900 B.C. • Mohenjo-Dora was abandoned. • Scholars do not know how the civilization declined. • It is thought that invaders could’ve attacked, damaged enviornement, or earthquakes could have caused the decline.

  7. Language, Literature, etc. • The Indus Valley people had some sort of writing system. • No account of any literature.

  8. The Aryan Civilization

  9. Government Brahmins (Priests) Kshatriyas (Warriors) Vaisyas (Herders, Artisans, and Merchants) Sudras (Farmers and Servants) Dalits (Worked what other workers would not.)

  10. Agriculture • Gave up nomadic life to farm.

  11. Religion • Polytheistic • Worshiped gods/goddesses who embodied natural forces, such as sky, sun, storm, and fire. • Also worshiped animals such as monkeys and snakes. • Offered food and drinks to the gods.

  12. Language, Culture, etc. • Sanskrit was their language. • Aryans combined cultural traditions of nomads with those of early Indians.

  13. Sources • http://archaeology.about.com/od/indusrivercivilizations/ss/indus_seals_3.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism (picture) • http://www.harappa.com/har/indus-saraswati.html • http://www.crystalinks.com/induscivilization.html • http://www.ablogabouthistory.com/2009/09/01/decoding-the-ancient-script-of-the-indus-valley/ • http://www.rivervalleycivilizations.com/indus.php • Ellis, Elisabeth Gaynor et al. World History. • http://www.thenagain.info/webchron/india/AryanMig.html • http://www.reocities.com/Athens/Parthenon/1064/HittPlow.jpg

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