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When Genes and Hormones Go Astray

When Genes and Hormones Go Astray. Humans are prone to sexual disorders stemming from either a genetic disorder or a hormonal disfunction. The next set of slides deals with these problems. The things you can find on the Internet!. Go to

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When Genes and Hormones Go Astray

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  1. When Genes and Hormones Go Astray • Humans are prone to sexual disorders stemming from either a genetic disorder or a hormonal disfunction. The next set of slides deals with these problems.

  2. The things you can find on the Internet! • Go to • http://www.messybeast.com/mosaicism2.htmand take notes on the following: • Genetic Sex (also called chromosomal sex) • Gonadal Sex • Phenotypic Sex • Brain Sex (yes Virginia, there is such a thing!) • Hermaphrodites • Gonadal Sex Abnormalities • Phenotypic (Outward Appearance) Sex Abnormalities

  3. Boy or Girl Athlete • Jokes about Eastern German and Russian female athletes have been around for decades. • These jokes question the “femininity” of said athletes. • The previous “sex test” involved looking at the buccal cells of the athlete to identify the presence of Barr Bodies, which are the dark, condensed chromosomes being pointed to. • Presence of Barr Bodies indicates a female. Barr Body

  4. Barr Bodies • Barr Bodies consist of one of the two X chromosomes condensing down into a “knot” of DNA. These are visualized by using Feulgin’s stain and then observing under a microscope.

  5. How does the athlete “sex test” work? • Not any more! Go to http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/gender/click.html to determine the true gender of this female athlete. • Note that this is similar to the tests run by the International Olympic Committee. • Describe WHY Jane is a male and not a female by describing CAIS and how it occurs.

  6. More on CAIS • How common is CAIS in the human population? • If there are 3,214,983,000 females in the world today, how many of these have CAIS? Calculate (and show your work).

  7. Intersex • What is intersex? • List and describe the categories of intersex. • Go to http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001669.htm to answer these questions.

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