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SNC 1D1 – Biotic and Abiotic Influences

SNC 1D1 – Biotic and Abiotic Influences both biotic and abiotic factors determine where a species can live. a limiting factor is any factor that places an upper limit on the size of a population. Abiotic Factors

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SNC 1D1 – Biotic and Abiotic Influences

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  1. SNC 1D1 – Biotic and Abiotic Influences both biotic and abiotic factors determine where a species can live. a limiting factor is any factor that places an upper limit on the size of a population. Abiotic Factors temperature, light, and soil can influence a species ability to survive. the range of any of these factors that an organism can survive in is called the tolerance range. near the limits of this range organisms experience stress.

  2. Some species have wide tolerance ranges while others have narrower ranges. • The distribution of most terrestrial plants is usually limited by a combination of temperature, precipitation and light. (black spruce prefer to live where winters are long and cold with moderate precipitation) • In aquatic ecosystems key abiotic factors are salt concentration, sunlight, dissolved oxygen and nutrients. • Sunlight and dissolved oxygen are higher in surface waters making them more conducive to organisms. (littoral and limnetic zones) • You are responsible for the information in Table 1 page 53 in your text.

  3. Influences of Biotic Factors • Biotic factors often determine a species’ success. • Deer can survive in the abiotic conditions of a dense forest but the food and ability to avoid prey is greater in an open woodland. • Biotic factors include competition with other members of their species for resources (food, light, space and mates). • Red maples and birch trees compete for sunlight and nutrients. • Interactions can also include: predation, mutualism (both benefit), parasitism (only one benefits) , commensalism (one benefits the other is unaffected)

  4. Carrying Capacity • As the size of a population increases; the demand for resources such as food, water, shelter, and space also increases. • Eventually there will not be enough resources for all individuals. • As individuals become more crowded they become more susceptible to predation and disease. • These and other factors will result in populations reaching their upper limit that the ecosystem can support. This is called the carrying capacity. • Carrying capacity can be altered through natural or human activity. The loss or introduction of a species can change the carrying capacity of an ecosystem.

  5. Wolf vs Moose Population Equilibrium

  6. Homework: Page 59 # 1 - 6

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