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Seminar: Introduction to relational databases

Seminar: Introduction to relational databases. Introduction to the database field: Applications, concepts and terminology. Databases and Database Applications. Textual and numerical databases Multimedia Databases GIS (Geographic I nformation Systems) Data Warehouse

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Seminar: Introduction to relational databases

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  1. Seminar:Introduction to relational databases Introduction to the database field: Applications, concepts and terminology FEN 2012-08-06

  2. Databases and Database Applications • Textualand numerical databases • Multimedia Databases • GIS (Geographic Information Systems) • Data Warehouse • Real-time and active databases • And many-many more FEN 2012-08-06

  3. What is a Database? • A database is a collection of related data. • A database is a logical coherent collection of data with some inherent meaning. Hence a random collection of data is not a database. • A database is designed, built and populated with data for a specific purpose for a specific group of users with requirements for specific applications. • A database represents some aspect of the real word, sometimes called the miniworld or domain. FEN 2012-08-06

  4. Sometimes called a Database Server or Engine What is a DBMS? • A DBMS (Database Management System) is a collection of programs that enables the users to create and maintain databases. • This involves • Defining a database (data types, structures and constraints) and handling meta data. • Storing the data on some suitable storage medium and controlling the storage. • Manipulating the database (executing queries and updating the database) • Sharing the database allowing multiple users and application to access the database simultaneously. • Providing interfaces to interactive users and/or application programs. Do you know some DBMS? • For instance: • Oracle • MySQL • MS SQL Server • PostgreSQL • and many more FEN 2012-08-06

  5. What is a Database System? • A database system is a database and a database management system put together: Database + DBMS == Database system FEN 2012-08-06

  6. Overview • Database • DBMS • Database System FEN 2012-08-06

  7. Data Models • Database systems are build upon a data model. • A data model is a collection of concepts used to describe the structure of a database. • A data model provides data abstraction, hides storage details and gives users (and developers) a conceptual view of the database. • A data model should provide means to describe: • Structure • Data types • Relationships • Constraints • Operations FEN 2012-08-06

  8. Data Models • Legacy (pre-relational) • Hierarchical • Network • Record based • Relational • Post-relational • Object oriented • Object-relational • Temporal • XML • Cubes in Data Warehouse • ... So the relational model is very central. FEN 2012-08-06

  9. Relational Databases • All data is organised in tables with atomic values • Associations are represented by primary key – foreign key connections • Every operation operates on tables and returns tables Small exercise (5 min..): • Describe step by step how you will retrieve this information: • When did Mr Smith attend the Intro to Computer Science course, who was the instructor and what grade did he receive? FEN 2012-08-06

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