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UNESCO Heritage Site. Group E. UNESCO Heritage Sites. A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance. Could be a mountain, building, lake, island, desert Examples: - Mount Fuji (Japan)
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UNESCO Heritage Site Group E
UNESCO Heritage Sites • A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance. • Could be a mountain, building, lake, island, desert • Examples: - Mount Fuji (Japan) - Historic Centre of Florence (Italy)
History • Before the early 19th century, most of the island was covered in primary forest. • Between 1820 and 1870, a substantial portion of virgin forest was cleared to develop the island as an important trading post. • Prior to this, many Chinese planters had also worked the land for timber and the cultivation of crops like gambier, pepper and rubber • By 1886, only 10% of the original forest cover remained. • MacRitchieReservoir is Singapore's first reservoir, built in 1867-68.
History • The development of the Reservoir brought the forest devastation around the area to a halt • The forest around the reservoir was protected as a water catchment reserve
Tree Top Walk • Free-standing suspension bridge connects the two highest points (Bukit Peirce and Bukit Kalang) in MacRitchie • Offers a bird's eye view of the community of plants and animals that live in the forest canopy • Total length of the walkway - 250m • Highest point – 25m above ground
Usefulness • Provides an avenue of nature recreation for people • Plays an important role in forest canopy research (Researchers lack accessibility to such a height) • Help to facilitate surveys and plant identification work and further our understanding of how forest ecosystems work
Reasons for choosing Macritchie • MacRitchie consists of primary and secondary forests, meaning there is a large variety of plants and animals that live there • Rubber trees, remnants of the plantations from the 19th century, can be seen along the fringes around the reservoir. • Tree Top Walk provides an avenue for many researchers to conduct their research on canopy trees • Contains the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation.
Why not SungeiBoloh • MacRitchie seems to have a wider diversity of organisms as compared to SungeiBoloh • More people visit MacRitchie as compared to SungeiBoloh; Macritchie seems more appealing to people
Other similar sites • Kinabalu Park (Malaysia) • One of the most important biological sites in the world with more than 4,500 species of flora and fauna, including 326 bird and around 100 mammal species
Statement of authenticity • Tree top walk was built in 2004 • Allows the visitors to observe a wide range of plants and animals • Wild boars, lemurs and macaques
Universal Outstanding Value - Environmental • Environmental: Has different habitats: - Mature secondary forest - Secondary forest - Streams - Wetland forests
Universal Outstanding Value - Economical • When tourists visit the tree top walk or nature trail, they will hire a guide to show them through the forest • This creates jobs for the guides and increases revenue for the country
References • http://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria/ • http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_159_2004-12-27.html • http://www.wildsingapore.com/places/macr.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacRitchie_Reservoir • http://www.nparks.gov.sg/cms/index.php?option=com_visitorsguide&task=attractions&id=64&Itemid=73 • http://www.sabahparks.org.my/eng/kinabalu_park/