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Enhancing HIV Response by Addressing Stigma and Discrimination

Discover how to effectively combat stigma and discrimination in HIV responses. Learn about their impact, causes, and programmatic strategies.

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Enhancing HIV Response by Addressing Stigma and Discrimination

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  1. Ensuring non-discrimination in responses to HIV Document: UNAIDS/PCB(26)/10.3 Bernhard Schwartlander 26th Meeting of the UNAIDS Programme Coordinating Board Geneva, 23 June 2010

  2. HIV-related stigma and discrimination – two interrelated concepts Stigma • Negative beliefs, feelings and attitudes • Reduced through engagement/empowerment of stigmatized groups; more detailed info about HIV; edutainment and media campaigns; community interaction and dialogue Discrimination • Unfair and unjust treatment (act or omission) • Human rights violation • Reduced through law reform, enforcement of protective laws; training of health care workers, police, judges; educating people about their rights, and provision of legal services

  3. Why do we need to address stigma and discrimination? • HIV-related stigma and discrimination • Have a harsh negative impact on the quality of life of the individual living with and affected by HIV • Seriously impedes the response to AIDS (uptake of HIV prevention, testing, and adherence to treatment, etc.) • Remain pervasive almost 30 years into the epidemic • Discrimination is a human rights violation

  4. Commitments unfulfilled • In the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS (2001) and the Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS (2006), govts committed to reduce stigma and discrimination and to create a legal and social environment safe for voluntary disclosure of HIV status • Yet • Few National Strategic Plans have strategic and comprehensive components addressing S&D • Not a well recognized category for funding • Punitive laws and law enforcement add to stigmatizing environment and hinder access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support

  5. But foundation for effective response exists • We know the causes of S&D • lack of awareness of S&D and their consequences • fear of HIV transmission • social judgement and prejudice • punitive laws, policies, institutions • We have evidence of effective programmes • Know how to measure S&D and have tools to do so • Have tools to address S & D • Have active networks of people living with HIV and key populations responding to S&D • Have an agenda for legal reform • We know that S & D programmes are highly cost-effective

  6. Effective programmatic responses to S & D • Operate at multiple levels: • Law and policy reform • Law enforcement (police, judges, lawyers) • Access to justice (legal services; legal literacy) • Institutions (health care, schools, workplaces, prisons, etc.) • Attitude change • Involve people living with HIV and key affected populations • Have sufficient support for at least 3-5 years • Are tailored to the context

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