Recitation Week 2

1. Recitation Week 2 Object Oriented Programming COP3330 / CGS5409

2. Today’s Recitation • Assignment Submission Overview • Compiling with g++ • Using Makefiles • Misc. Review

3. Assignment Submission • Programs submitted through course web page • http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~myers/cop3330 • Link: “Click me, if you dare…”

4. Assignment Submission cont. • Submit source files only! • Only .cpp and .h files • DO NOT INCLUDE BINARIES! • If more than one file, upload each individually • Use FSU SN • Social Security number will not work • Require additional submission passwords • NOT THE SAME AS FSU/CS PASSWORDS!

5. Assignment Submission cont. • Feedback from submission: • (1) a directory listing of files submitted for that assignment so far • (2) a copy of the file just submitted • Do not e-mail asking for confirmation! • Verify submission with above methods

6. Misc. Submission Notes • The FSU SN is typed with dashes (i.e. AB3-45-6789, not AB3456789) • Passwords are all 8 characters long • The passwords do not contain any instances of the numeric digits 0 or 1 • Hang on to this password, it will be needed all semester!

7. Misc. Submission Notes • Make sure to follow all submission instructions carefully • Homework submitted by e-mail to the instructor or me will NOT BE GRADED! • Can re-submit an updated file that was previously submitted • Will overwrite previous attempt

8. Misc. Submission Notes • One late day submission is allowed (with a letter grade deduction) on assignments • After that time, course web site WILL NOT accept submissions • MAKE SURE TO SUBMIT BY THIS TIME

9. Assignment Submission Test • Assignment Submission Practice • Option on the submission page called "Assignment 0“ • Will not be graded • http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~myers/cop3330

10. Compiling C / C++ programs with gcc & g++ • The base command for the Gnu C compiler is "gcc" • The base command for the Gnu C++ compiler is "g++"

11. Single File Programs • To compile a program that is in a single file, the easiest compilation uses the command format: g++ <filename> • Where the filename ends with ".cpp“ • Example: g++ prog1.cpp

12. Multiple File Programs • To invoke the Compile stage, which translates source code (.cppfiles) into object code (.o files), use the -c flag. Format: g++ -c <filename> • To name a target (something other than the default filename, use the -o flag. Format: g++ -o <target_name> <remainder of command>

13. Multiple File Examples • g++ -o yadda.o -c fraction.cpp • This command invokes just the compile stage on fraction.cpp, but names the object code file "yadda.o" (instead of the default "fraction.o"). • g++ -o bob.exe circle.omain.o • This command links the two object code files ("circle.o" and "main.o") into an executable, called "bob.exe" (instead of the default "a.out"). • g++ -o myProgram thing.cpp main.cpp • This command compiles and links (since -c not used) the code files "thing.cpp" and "main.cpp" together into the executable program called "myProgram".

14. Reminders • Source code is just text! • For the purposes of assignments, ANY text editor can be used to • Practice with at least one Unix text editor create code files • For unix beginners, "pico" is recommended, due to easy learning curve. • Emacs, Vim, MUCH more powerful

15. CS Account login • Understand how to log into both CS machines: • linprog.cs.fsu.edu • program.cs.fsu.edu • Use SSH (Secure SHell) client to login • Files created on a windows machine can be FTP-ed to CS accounts with the SFTP feature built into the SSH software

16. SSH / SCP • Usage: sftp[username@]hostname • get filename - retrieve remote file • put filename - upload local file • Standard Unix commands: • cd, ls, pwd, chmod, rename, rm, mkdir, rmdir, help, quit • Alternatively, GUI File Managers • WinSCP- Free Windows client with SFTP capability • FileZilla- Open source cross-platform GUI client

17. Makefiles • Unix system has what is called a ‘make’ utility • Configuration file to assist with compilation • Simple text file, should be named either ‘makefile’ or ‘Makefile’

18. Makefiles • Idea of the ‘target’ • What is able to be ‘made’? • Dependency list • What needs to be re-made each time? • Command list, and formatting • i.e. it must be preceded by a single ‘tab’ character • Extra targets, like ‘clean’, for cleanup • target that lists a cleanup command (like the remove ‘rm’ command) • More than one target • placing a target like ‘all’ at the top, and listing the executables made by the file as the dependency list

19. Sample Makefile # This is a comment line # Sample makefile for fraction class frac: main.ofrac.o g++ -o fracmain.ofrac.o main.o: main.cpp frac.h g++ -c main.cpp frac.o: frac.cpp frac.h g++ -c frac.cpp clean: rm*.o frac

20. Sample Makefile frac: main.ofrac.o g++ -o fracmain.ofrac.o • Specifies ‘frac’ as the target • Depends on main.o and frac.o • If either of these files changed since the last build, then ‘frac’ must be rebuilt • Links two object code files together into a target executable called ‘frac’

21. Sample Makefile main.o: main.cpp frac.h g++ -c main.cpp • Specifies how to built the target ‘main.o’ • Depends on main.cpp and frac.h • If either file changes, main.o must be rebuilt • Uses normal g++ commands for the compile stage

22. Sample Makefile • Any section can be invoked specifically with the command: make <target_name> • For instance, to build only the ‘frac.o’ target, use: make frac.o

23. Sample Makefile clean: rm *.o frac • The target name is ‘clean’ • Executes the remove command (‘rm’) • Removes the object code file(s) and the executable(s) from the current directory

24. Additional Review Materials • http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~myers/c++/notes/functions2.html • Function overloading and default values on parameters • http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~myers/c++/notes/references.html • Reference variables, and more specifically, pass-by-reference • http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~myers/c++/notes/basics1.html • From this basics page, primarily the intro to C++ console I/O, with iostream library and usage of cout/cin • http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~myers/c++/notes/formatting.html • C++ formatting features for output streams, including stream manipulators and ios flags. • http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~myers/c++/notes/fileio.html • File I/O in C++ (using fstream library)

25. Questions?