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CHAPTER 9: DRAMA

CHAPTER 9: DRAMA. INSTRUCTOR: MS. JONA VICTORIANO, M.A. ORIGIN OF THE FAMOUS SYMBOL FOR DRAMA. GREEK MYTHOLOGY: MELPOMENE AND THALIA. MELPOMENE: TRAGEDY MASK -  comes from the Greek verb melpô or melpomai meaning "to celebrate with dance and song."  THALIA: COMEDY MASK

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CHAPTER 9: DRAMA

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  1. CHAPTER 9: DRAMA INSTRUCTOR: MS. JONA VICTORIANO, M.A.

  2. ORIGIN OF THE FAMOUS SYMBOL FOR DRAMA

  3. GREEK MYTHOLOGY: MELPOMENE AND THALIA • MELPOMENE: TRAGEDY MASK -  comes from the Greek verb melpô or melpomaimeaning "to celebrate with dance and song."  • THALIA: COMEDY MASK - comes from the Greek verb thallein, meaning "to flourish, to be verdant (abundance of vegetation)."   By: Johann Gottfried Schadow

  4. HISTORY OF DRAMA IN THE PHILIPINES

  5. PRE-HISTORIC TIMES • During the pre-historic times, theatre in the Philippines was in the form of indigenous rituals, verbal jousts or games, or songs and dances to praise gods. • MYTH- These mimetic performances mostly dramatized primitive rituals and epic poetry about deities and mythical legends. • MIMESIS- The spirit of the deities would seemingly possess a babaylan (priestess). • SPECTACLE- During this entranced state, the priestess would consume the sacrificial offering, which could be in the form of a pig, chicken, rice, wine, or nuts. "…seemed to shoot flames from her eyes; her hair stood on end, a fearful sight to those beholding, and she uttered words of arrogance and superiority." – Juan de Plasencia, 1590

  6. Spanish Regime • Zarzuela- is a form of musical theater that combines spoken word and song that celebrates various Catholic liturgical feasts.  - Jugar Con Fuego (Playing with Fire) by Francisco Asenjo Barbieri was the first zarzuela introduced in the country in late 1878 or early 1879. -August 17, 1893: Teatro Zorilla From: Facebook Page “Philippines, My Philippines”

  7. Spanish Regime 2. Comedia-also known as moro-moro, linambay, orarakyo. - Moro-Moro is a secular comedy that dramatizes the war between Christians and Muslims through the forbidden love between the Catholic prince and the Moro princess. The comedy is resolved with the non-Christian being converted to Christianity, or through his or her death, immediately followed by his or her resurrection. Artist Depiction of Moro-Moro

  8. American Colonization • bodabil (vaudeville)- is not a straight-up play. The theatrical performance is, in fact, a mix of songs, dances, comedy skits, and even magical performances. Not long after, the bodabil was interjected into comedias and zarzuelas, as intermission numbers known as jamborees.

  9. American Colonization 2. Broadway theatre or stage musicals- introduced in the 1930’s through the westernized education that was provided in most private schools for privileged children. Shakespearean tragedies and comedies, as well as western classics, were performed in the original English or English adaptation. Scene from “Rak of Aegis”

  10. The Japanese Occupation • Movie actors and actresses could not appear in films anymore, and the Japanese confiscated all film equipments. • bodabil evolved to become stage shows or variety shows with a short melodrama at the end to accommodate the actors and actresses who moved their craft. • Manila Grand Opera House and the Savoy Theatre Manila Grand Opera House: Circa 1943

  11. AFTER THE WAR…… • The Philippine theatre has evolved to become an amalgamation of the various influences such that of the zarzuela, comedia, bodabil, and western classics.  • By the 1950s, theatre had moved out of classrooms and the concept of paying for a ticket to see a theatrical performance emerged. This “legitimate” theatre was held in closed theaters – these became events in themselves, not just mere parts of a celebration or religious ritual.

  12. WHAT MAKES A GOOD DRAMA? • CHARACTERS • CONFLICT • STORY OR PLOT

  13. DRAMATIC STRUCTURE or FREYTAG’S PYRAMID

  14. GUSTAV FREYTAG • Freytag was born in July 13, 1816  in Kreuzburg (Kluczbork) in Silesia. Part of modern-day Germany. • He was a German novelist and playwright.

  15. Types of drama

  16. PROBLEM PLAY • Is a form of drama that emerged in the 19th century as part of the wider movement of realism in the arts. It deals with contentious social issues through debates between the characters on stage, who typically represent conflicting points of view within a realistic social context.

  17. FARCE • Is a comedy that aims at entertaining the audience through situations that are highly exaggerated, extravagant, and thus improbable.

  18. Comedy of manners • Is an entertainment form which satirizes/mocks the manners and affectations of the upper class societyin a way that is essentially true, often represented by stereotypical stock characters.

  19. fantasy • Is a fiction genre that uses magic and other supernatural elements as a main plot, element, theme, or setting.

  20. melodrama • Is an exaggerated form of drama, where authors enhance the storylines in order to tug the heartstrings of the audience.

  21. ENJOY YOUR SEMESTRAL BREAK EVERYONE!

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