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Hazard Communication General

Learn the benefits of identifying chemical hazards to prevent accidents and ensure workplace safety. Understand the physical, health, and HNOC hazards, protective control measures, PPE selection, emergency procedures, and first aid protocols.

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Hazard Communication General

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  1. Hazard CommunicationGeneral

  2. Benefits of understanding chemical hazards Prevent injuries, deaths from: • Violent chemical reactions, fires, explosions • Burns, irritation, trouble breathing, nausea, diseases Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  3. Benefits of understanding chemical hazards Manufacturers, importers: • Classify chemical hazards • Provide labels, safety datasheets (SDSs) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  4. Detecting hazardous chemicals • Air monitoring equipment • Appearance, odor • Physical, chemical characteristics • Unknown chemicals to be considered hazardous Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  5. Physical and health hazards • Chemical manufacturers or importers must classify chemicals according to the physical and health hazards • A chemical can have both physical and health hazards Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  6. Physical and health hazards • Hazard classifications have sub-categories • Warning statements, phrases, other label elements are specified after classification Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  7. Physical hazards: • Explosives • Flammable gases • Flammable aerosols • Flammable liquids • Flammable solids • Oxidizing liquids • Oxidizing solids • Oxidizing gases • Self-Reactive substances • Pyrophoric liquids • Pyrophoric solids • Self-heating substances • Organic peroxides • Corrosive to metals • Gases under pressure • Substances which, in contact with water emit flammable gases Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  8. Physical hazards • Pyrophoric gas - spontaneously ignites at 130°F or below • Combustible dust - build-up can ignite if suspended in air in confined area • Grains, sugar • Charcoal, soot • Chemicals (sulfur) • Metals (magnesium, aluminum) • Plastics, resins Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  9. Health hazards • Acutely toxicity • Skin corrosion or irritation • Serious eye damage or irritation • Respiratory or skin sensitization • Germ cell mutagen • Carcinogenicity • Reproductive toxin • Target organ systemic toxin • Single exposure • Repeated exposure • Aspiration hazard Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  10. Health hazards Simple asphyxiant - displaces oxygen in the air to create an oxygen-deficient atmosphere that can lead to unconsciousness, death Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  11. Health hazards Health effects: • Can occur rapidly after brief exposure (acute) • Long-term effects after prolonged, repeated exposure (chronic) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  12. Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) • An adverse physical or health effect that does not meet the specified hazard classes • Belongs to a category that OSHA did not adopt from the United Nations’ Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) • An effect that falls below the cut-off value for a hazard class Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  13. Protective control measures • Engineering controls • Administrative, work practice controls Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  14. Protective control measures • Enclosing operations • Ventilation equipment • Substituting less hazardous chemicals • Safer chemical handling procedures Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  15. Personal protective equipment (PPE) • Used when hazards are not completely controlled or eliminated by other control measures • PPE selection based on hazard assessment and effectiveness of PPE Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  16. Personal protective equipment (PPE) • Chemical-resistant: • Goggles • Face shields • Gloves • Boots • Coveralls • Aprons • Respirators • Do not use damaged, malfunctioning PPE Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  17. Emergency procedures • Chemical emergencies can involve fires, explosions, burns, asphyxiations • Unknown chemicals are considered to be hazardous • Emergency responders manage: • Releases of unknown chemicals • Any potentially dangerous release • Others go to safe area, report emergency Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  18. First aid • First aid information is on the SDS • Report overexposures to any chemical • Get prompt first aid, medical attention Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  19. First aid Contact with corrosive, irritating chemicals: • Use emergency eyewash, showers • Flush eyes/skin with water Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  20. First aid Overexposure from breathing vapors, gases, aerosols, fumes, dust: • Move victim to safe area with fresh air • Get emergency medical assistance Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  21. First aid Ingesting chemicals: • Call poison control center, emergency medical responders • Have information from SDS available • Only induce vomiting or give water if advised by a medical provider Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  22. Written HazCom program OSHA’s HazCom standard includes requirements for: • Chemical classification • Safety data sheets (SDSs) • Labeling • Written HazCom program • Employee information, training • Provisions for trade secrets Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  23. Written HazCom program • Written HazCom program is not required if only handling unopened containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  24. Written HazCom program Written HazCom program: • Labels, warnings • Safety data sheets (SDSs) • Employee information, training • List of hazardous chemicals • How employees learn hazards of non-routine tasks • Hazards of chemicals in unlabeled pipes Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  25. Labeling overview • Labels warn of potential dangers • Labels are not intended to be the sole source of information • Labels serve as an immediate warning • Containers need labels • Pipes, fuel tanks, engines are not containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  26. Labeling overview While HazCom 2012 is phased in, you will still see labels meeting previous rule: • Identity of hazardous chemical • Appropriate hazard warnings • Name and address of manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  27. Labeling - shipped containers • Product identifier (matches SDS and list) • Signal word (Danger = severe hazard; Warning = less severe) • Hazard statement (based on hazard class and category) • Pictogram (symbol to show hazard class) • Precautionary statement (safe use, storage) • Name, address, phone number of manufacturer, importer, or responsible party to contact for emergency information Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  28. Labeling - shipped containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  29. Labeling - shipped containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  30. Labeling - shipped containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  31. Labeling - shipped containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  32. Labeling - shipped containers OSHA-defined hazards - Simple asphyxiant: • No pictogram • Signal word = “WARNING” • Hazard statement = “May displace oxygen and cause rapid suffocation” Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  33. Labeling - shipped containers OSHA-defined hazards - Combustible dust: • No pictogram • Signal word = “WARNING” • Hazard statement = “May form combustible dust concentrations in air” Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  34. Labeling - shipped containers OSHA-defined hazards - Pyrophoric gas: • Flame pictogram • Signal word = “DANGER” • Hazard statement = “Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air” Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  35. Labeling - in-house containers • Rely on labels on shipped containers • Re-label if label falls off • Re-label if label cannot be read Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  36. Labeling - in-house containers Transferring hazardous chemicals to another container: • Must label container if another person will use it • Must label container if it is available during another shift Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  37. Labeling - in-house containers Individual stationary containers (i.e., tanks) may use: • Signs • Placards • Batch tickets • Operating procedures These alternatives must provide the same information as would a label Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  38. Labeling - in-house containers Different system for in-house labels: • Product identifier • Words, pictures, symbols, or a combination of these, that provide at least general information on the hazards of the chemicals Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  39. Labeling - in-house containers NFPA system identifies: • Health hazards - Blue • Flammability hazards - Red • Reactivity hazards - Yellow • Special hazards - White Hazard severity (0 to 4): • 0 = none • 4 = severe Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  40. Labeling - in-house containers HMIS system identifies: • Health hazards - Blue • Flammability hazards - Red • Physical hazards - Orange • Personal protection - White Hazard severity (0 to 4): • 0 = minimal • 1 = slight • 2 = moderate • 3 = serious • 4 = severe Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  41. Safety data sheet (SDS) • Chemical fact sheets • Provided by chemical suppliers • Employer keeps themup to date • Must be in English • Immediately available • Report missing SDSs Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  42. Safety data sheet (SDS) Use: • Verify label information • PPE recommendations • Symptoms, health effects • First aid • Emergency procedures Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  43. Safety data sheet (SDS) SDSs contain all Sections in order Section 1 - Identification: • Product ID • Manufacturer name, address, phone number • Emergency phone • Recommended use • Restrictions on use Section 2 - Hazard identification: • All hazards • Required label elements Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  44. Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 3 - Composition: • Chemical name, synonyms • CAS number • Percentage of ingredients • Trade secret claims Section 4 - First aid: • Required treatment for each route of exposure • Acute (immediate) symptoms, effects • Immediate, special treatments Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  45. Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 5 - Fire fighting: • Extinguishing techniques • Extinguishing equipment • Hazardous combustion products • Equipment, precautions for firefighters Section 6 - Accidental release: • Personal precautions • Protective equipment • Emergency procedures • Containment and cleanup methods Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  46. Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 7 - Handling, storage: • Safe handling • Safe storage • Incompatible materials Section 8 - Exposure control, Personal protection: • Permissible exposure limits (PELs) • Threshold limit values (TLVs), other exposure limits • Engineering controls • Personal protective equipment (PPE) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  47. Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 9 - Physical, chemical properties: • Chemical appearance • Odor, odor threshold • Physical properties (pH, flash point, flammability limits, vapor pressure and density, auto-ignition temp., decomposition temp., viscosity, etc.) Section 10 - Stability, reactivity • Conditions to avoid • Incompatible materials • Hazardous decomposition products Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  48. Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 11 - Toxicological information: • Routes of exposure • Immediate, chronic effects • Toxicity data • Carcinogenicity Section 12 - Ecological information (non-mandatory): • Ecotoxicity • Biodegradability Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  49. Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 13 - Disposal considerations (non-mandatory): • Waste description • Waste handling, disposal Section 14 - Transport information (non-mandatory) • DOT shipping name, hazard class, packing group • UN number Timber Products Manufacturers Association

  50. Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 15 - Regulatory information (non-mandatory): • Product-specific safety, health, environmental regulations Section 16 - Other information: • Date of SDS’s preparation or last revision SDS indicates if no relevant information is available within a Section Timber Products Manufacturers Association

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