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MIS 131 Introduction to Algorithms and Programming 201 8 /201 9 Fall - Chapter 0 -

MIS 131 Introduction to Algorithms and Programming 201 8 /201 9 Fall - Chapter 0 -. Outline. Introduction What Is a Computer? Computer Organization Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-level Languages Software Deveopment Java Programming Language. What is a Computer?.

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MIS 131 Introduction to Algorithms and Programming 201 8 /201 9 Fall - Chapter 0 -

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  1. MIS 131Introduction to Algorithms and Programming2018/2019 Fall- Chapter 0 -

  2. Outline • Introduction • What Is a Computer? • Computer Organization • Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-level Languages • Software Deveopment • Java Programming Language

  3. What is a Computer? • Computer • Device capable of performing computations and making logical decisions • Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called computer programs • Hardware • Various devices comprising a computer • Keyboard, screen, mouse, disks, memory, CD-ROM, and processing units • Software • Programs that run on a computer

  4. Software • System programs • Operating systems • Microsoft 7,10, Unix, Lnix, Android, IOS • Utility programs - Compilers and interpreters • C,C++,Java compilers • QBasic interpreter • Application Programs • LOGO - accounting program • SPSS - statistics program • Minecraft – game program • Registration program

  5. Six logical units in every computer: • Input unit • Obtains information from input devices (keyboard, mouse) • Output unit • Outputs information (to screen, to printer, to control other devices) • Memory unit • Rapid access, low capacity, stores input information • Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) • Performs arithmetic calculations and logic decisions • Central processing unit (CPU) • Supervises and coordinates the other sections of the computer • Secondary storage unit • Cheap, long-term, high-capacity storage • Stores inactive programs

  6. Three Types of Programming Languages • Machine languages • Assembly languages • High-level languages

  7. Machine languages • Strings of numbers giving machine specific instructions • Natural language of the computer • 0-1 corresponding to high or low voltage • Instructions and data are encoded into binary numbers • Example: • 100111001011 • 110010100110 • 001011100101

  8. Assembly languages • English-like abbreviations representing elementary computer operations (translated via assemblers) • Example: LOAD BASEPA ADD OVERPAY STORE GROSSPAY

  9. High-level languages • Codes similar to everyday English • Use mathematical notations (translated via compilers) • Example: grossPay = basePay + overTimePay if (grade < 50) status = “failed” while (number <= 10)

  10. grossPay = basePay + overTimePay • one line of a programm • Variables • grossPay • basePay • overTimePay • Onces compiled turn into machine code • after loading each instuction and data has an adress in main memory of the computer • executing the sum instruction • basePay and overTimePay has values they are summed and assigned to grossPay

  11. Problem solving Meaning of computer programming Problem programmer

  12. machine language compiler interpreter high level languages QBasic, C,C++,Java,VB.NET programmer natural languages Turkish English

  13. What CPU does • Reading data or instructions from main memory • Performing aritmetic operations • Addition, multiplication , division,… • Performing logical opertations • Comparing numbers • They are equal, one is lsss then the other • Moving results of operation back to main memory

  14. Steps of Software Development • Problem definition • Analysing the problem • Development of algorithm, pseudocode and flow chart • Programming • Testing the program • Deployment of the program

  15. The text books • Java How to Program, 10th or higher Editions • Late Object Version • by Deitel & Deitel • Pearson • Starting out with Programming Logic and Design • 2ed Eddition • by Tony Gaddis • Pearson

  16. Version of Java • Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) • Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) • J2SE Development Kit (JDK)

  17. Two Styles of Programming • Structured programming MIS 131 • Introduce structured programming with a pure object oriented language Lava • Object oriended programing MIS 132 • Basic object oriented programming • Object oriented capabilities of Java

  18. History of Java • Java by Sun Microsystems in 1991 team leader: James Gosling • Originally for intelligent consumer-electronic devices • Then used for creating Web pages with dynamic content • Now also used for: • Develop large-scale enterprise applications • Enhance WWW server functionality • Provide applications for consumer devices (cell phones, etc.)

  19. MIS 131 • web page: • misprivate.boun.edu.tr/badur/MIS131 • You can find: • Lecture slides • Requirements: weights • Exam schedule • Anounsements • Homework sets • Old quizes and exam questions

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