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Control

Control. Zulhizam Bin Ebrahim 4092007721 Mohd Shamir Bin Abd Azia 4092007261 Muhammad Salehin Bin Suhaimi 4123014302. Controls. Controls : constraints and restrictions imposed on a user or a system Controls can be used to secure against risks

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Control

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  1. Control Zulhizam Bin Ebrahim 4092007721 Mohd Shamir Bin Abd Azia 4092007261 Muhammad Salehin Bin Suhaimi 4123014302

  2. Controls • Controls: constraints and restrictions imposed on a user or a system • Controls can be used to secure against risks • Controls are also used to ensure that nonsensical data is not entered • Controls can reduce damage caused to systems, application, and data Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition

  3. Controls (continued) Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition

  4. Application Reliability and Data Entry Controls • A reliable application is one that can resist inappropriate usage such as incorrect data entry or processing • The application should provide clear messages when errors or deliberate misuses occur • Controls also translate business policies into system features Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition

  5. Backup • Backup: periodic duplication of all data • Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks (RAID): set of disks programmed to replicate stored data • Data must be routinely transported off-site as protection from a site disaster • Some companies specialize in data backup services or backup facilities for use in the event of a site disaster Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition

  6. Access Controls • Access controls: measures taken to ensure only authorized users have access to a computer, network, application, or data • Physical locks: lock the equipment in a secure facility • Software locks: determine who is authorized • Three types of access controls: • What you know: access codes, such as user ID and password • What you have: requires special devices • Who you are: unique physical characteristics Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition

  7. Access Controls (continued) • Access codes and passwords are usually stored in the OS or in a database • Security card is more secure than a password • Allows two-factor access • Biometric: uses unique physical characteristics such as fingerprints, retinal scans, or voiceprints • Up to 50% of help desk calls are from people who have forgotten their passwords • Biometrics can eliminate these kinds of calls Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition

  8. Atomic Transactions • Atomic transaction: a set of indivisible transactions • All of the transactions in the set must be completely executed, or none can be • Ensures that only full entry occurs in all the appropriate files to guarantee integrity of the data • Is also a control against malfunction and fraud Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition

  9. Atomic Transactions (continued) Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition

  10. Audit Trail • Audit trail: a series of documented facts that help detect who recorded which transactions, at what time, and under whose approval • Sometimes automatically created using data and timestamps • Certain policy and audit trail controls are required in some countries • Information systems auditor: a person whose job is to find and investigate fraudulent cases Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition

  11. The end……………

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