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Welcome TVR ‘s

Welcome TVR ‘s. Classical conditioning !!!!!. Learning. YES LEARNING !. Wave Four: Behaviorism. Behaviorism – ignored mental processes and studied only observable behavior Believe behavior is LEARNED through conditioning or through observation Classical Conditioning Pavlov

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Welcome TVR ‘s

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  1. Welcome TVR ‘s Classical conditioning !!!!!

  2. Learning YES LEARNING !

  3. Wave Four: Behaviorism • Behaviorism – ignored mental processes and studied only observable behavior • Believe behavior is LEARNED through conditioning or through observation • Classical Conditioning • Pavlov • John B. Watson • Operant Conditioning • B.F. Skinner • ObservationalLearning • Bandura

  4. Long lasting change in a subjects behavior brought about by repeated experiences in that situation Learning

  5. Classical Conditioning

  6. Classical Conditioning • Ivan Pavlov • Conducted 1st experiments in associative learning • Most known for studies in classical conditioning • Studied Digestion of Dogs. • Dogs would salivate before they were given food (triggered by sounds, lights etc…) • Dogs must have LEARNED to salivate.

  7. Classical Conditioning • Respondent Behavior - actions that are automatic responses to a stimulus (Involuntary) • Passive learning (learner does not have to think) • Learning associations between events learner does not control • First thing you need is a unconditional relationship. • Unconditional Stimulus (UCS)- something that elicits a natural, reflexive response. • Example • Unconditional Response (UCR)- response to the UCS. • Example

  8. Classical Conditioning • Next you find a neutral stimulus - something that by itself elicits no response • Example • You present the stimulus with the UCS a whole bunch of times.

  9. Classical Conditioning • After a while, the body begins to link together the neutral stimulus with the UCS. • Acquisition – initial learning of stimulus response relationship

  10. Classical Conditioning • Once learning takes place… • Neutral stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus (CS) • Example: • unconditioned response becomes the conditioned response (CR) • Hint: conditioned response is always the same as the unconditioned response • Example:

  11. Timing Matters • Delayed Conditioning: present CS, while CS is still there, present UCS. • Trace Conditioning: present CS, short break, then present UCS. • Simultaneous Conditioning: CS and UCS are presented at the same time. • Backward Conditioning: UCS is presented, then CS is presented.

  12. Popular Classical Conditioning Examples See if you can identify the UCS, UCR, CS and CR. Classical Conditioning as portrayed in The Office. Two and a half men and Pavlov’s Bar

  13. Classical Conditioning • Learning exists because the CS is now linked to the UCS…again this is called ACQUISITION. • Example: • Acquisition does not last forever

  14. Extinction • EXTINCTION - diminishing of a conditioned response • Occurs when CS is no longer associated with the UCS, • Example:

  15. Spontaneous Recovery • Spontaneous Recovery – the reappearance of a CR, after a pause, once it has been extinguished • Sometimes, after extinction, the CR still randomly appears after the CS is presented. • Occurs only after extinction has occurred • Example

  16. Generalization and Discrimination Generalization Discrimination Something different to the CS so you do not get a CR. • Something is so similar to the CS that you get a CR. Example: Example:

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