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NORTH AMERICAN 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT /BAND PLAN

NORTH AMERICAN 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT /BAND PLAN. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT INTRODUCTION.

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NORTH AMERICAN 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT /BAND PLAN

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  1. NORTH AMERICAN 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT /BAND PLAN Broady Cash, ARINC

  2. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT INTRODUCTION 5.9 GHz DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) is a short to medium range communications service that supports both Public Safety and Private operations in roadside to vehicle and vehicle to vehicle communication environments. DSRC is meant to be a complement to cellular communications by providing very high data transfer rates in circumstances where minimizing latency in the communication link and isolating relatively small communication zones are important. This briefing outlines an approach to using the selected DSRC technology in a way that maximizes the realization of the user requirements. The topics listed below are discussed in the following charts and were used in the development of the concept of operation: A. Applications B. User Requirements C. Derived Requirements D. Goals E. Technology Characteristics F. Basic Concepts Broady Cash, ARINC

  3. APPROACHING EMERGENCY VEHICLE (WARNING) ASSISTANT (3) EMERGENCY VEHICLE SIGNAL PREEMPTION ROAD CONDITION WARNING LOW BRIDGE WARNING WORK ZONE WARNING IMMINENT COLLISION WARNING (D) CURVE SPEED ASSISTANCE [ROLLOVER WARNING] (1) INFRASTRUCTURE BASED – STOP LIGHT ASSISTANT (2) INTERSECTION COLLISION WARNING/AVOIDANCE (4) HIGHWAY/RAIL [RAILROAD] COLLISION AVOIDANCE (10) COOPERATIVE COLLISION WARNING [V-V] (5) GREEN LIGHT - OPTIMAL SPEED ADVISORY (8) COOPERATIVE VEHICLE SYSTEM – PLATOONING (9) COOPERATIVE ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL [ACC] (11) VEHICLE BASED PROBE DATA COLLECTION (B) INFRASTRUCTURE BASED PROBE DATA COLLECTION INFRASTRUCTURE BASED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT – [DATA COLLECTED from] PROBES (7) TOLL COLLECTION TRAFFIC INFORMATION (C) TRANSIT VEHICLE DATA TRANSFER (gate) TRANSIT VEHICLE SIGNAL PRIORITY EMERGENCY VEHICLE VIDEO RELAY MAINLINE SCREENING BORDER CLEARANCE ON-BOARD SAFETY DATA TRANSFER VEHICLE SAFETY INSPECTION DRIVER’S DAILY LOG DSRC APPLICATIONS PRIVATE PUBLIC SAFETY • ACCESS CONTROL • DRIVE-THRU PAYMENT • PARKING LOT PAYMENT • DATA TRANSFER / INFO FUELING (A) • ATIS DATA • DIAGNOSTIC DATA • REPAIR-SERVICE RECORD • VEHICLE COMPUTER PROGRAM UPDATES • MAP and MUSIC DATA UPDATES • VIDEO UPLOADS • DATA TRANSFER / CVO / TRUCK STOP • ENHANCED ROUTE PLANNING and GUIDANCE (6) • RENTAL CAR PROCESSING • UNIQUE CVO FLEET MANAGEMENT • DATA TRANSFER / TRANSIT VEHICLE (yard) • TRANSIT VEHICLE REFUELING MANAGEMENT • LOCOMOTIVE FUEL MONITORING • DATA TRANSFER / LOCOMOTIVE ATIS - Advanced Traveler Information Systems CVO - Commercial Vehicle Operations EV - Emergency Vehicles IDB - ITS Data Bus THRU – Through V-V – Vehicle to Vehicle (#) – Applications Submitted by GM/Ford/Chrysler (A- Z) – Applications Submitted by Daimler-Chrysler Broady Cash, ARINC

  4. ACCESS CONTROL TOLL COLLECTION DATA TRANSFER / INFO FUELING (A) TRAFFIC INFORMATION (C) DRIVE-THRU PAYMENT PARKING LOT PAYMENT INFRASTRUCTURE BASED PROBE DATA COLLECTION RENTAL CAR PROCESSING COMMUNICATION CATEGORIES ALL VEHICLES - Short Range (0 – 15 m) ALL VEHICLES– Short - Medium Range (0 – 90 m) • TOLL COLLECTION • DATA TRANSFER / INFO FUELING (A) • DATA TRANSFER / CVO / TRUCK STOP • DATA TRANSFER / TRANSIT VEHICLE (yard) • DATA TRANSFER / LOCOMOTIVE CVO – Short - Medium Range (0 – 90 m) • MAINLINE SCREENING • BORDER CLEARANCE • ON-BOARD SAFETY DATA TRANSFER • UNIQUE CVO FLEET MANAGEMENT • DRIVER’S DAILY LOG • VEHICLE SAFETY INSPECTION • TRANSIT VEHICLE DATA TRANSFER (gate) • TRANSIT VEHICLE REFUELING MANAGEMENT • LOCOMOTIVE FUEL MONITORING • ROLLOVER WARNING • LOW BRIDGE WARNING ALL VEHICLES- Extended Range (90 – 335 m) • CURVE SPEED ASSISTANCE [ROLLOVER WARNING] (1) • INFRASTRUCTURE BASED - STOP LIGHT ASSISTANT (2) • INTERSECTION COLLISION WARNING/AVOIDANCE (4) • COOPERATIVE COLLISION WARNING [V-V] (5) • VEHICLE BASED PROBE DATA COLLECTION (B) • COOPERATIVE ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL (ACC) • COOPERATIVE VEHICLE SYSTEM – PLATOONING (9) • HIGHWAY/RAIL [RAILROAD] COLLISION AVOIDANCE (10) • IMMINENT COLLISION WARNING (D) • EMERGENCY VEHICLE VIDEO RELAY • ROAD CONDITION WARNING • WORK ZONE WARNING PUBLIC SAFETY - Long Range (300 – 1000 m) • APPROACHING EMERGENCY VEHICLE ASSISTANT (3) • EMERGENCY VEHICLE SIGNAL PREEMPTION • TRANSIT VEHICLE SIGNAL PRIORITY • GREEN LIGHT - OPTIMAL SPEED ADVISORY (8) APPLICABILITY UNDER INVESTIGATION • ENHANCED ROUTE PLANNING and GUIDANCE (6) • INFRASTRUCTURE BASED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT – [DATA COLLECTED from] PROBES (7) Broady Cash, ARINC

  5. USER REQUIREMENTS Interoperability across North America - where All RSUs can communicate with ALL OBUs and ALL OBUs can communicate to ALL other OBUs at the the lowest tier of capability. Also, tiered devices shall be implemented such that each level of device can implement all the modes of operation of the levels of devices below it. All Weather Operation Two-way (roadside to vehicle) Communication Two-way (vehicle to vehicle) Communication subject to review of impact on system requirements One-way Communication - Require broadcast capability without being part of a net Extremely low latency in the order of milliseconds - Includes acquisition and data transfer The system will support authentication and access controls (Layers 1 and 2 must support security controls) Reliable (High MTBF and communications performance as indicated in the specific requirements) The RSU must be Maintainable (Low MTTR) Easy to use Scalable (grow from one to multiple lanes of service) Widely Installable (few incompatible sites) 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT/TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS Broady Cash, ARINC

  6. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT/TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS • USER REQUIREMENTS (continued) • Non-Interference with 915 MHz systems • Non-Interference to incumbent (primary allocation) 5.9 GHz systems • Minimize interference with secondary allocation 5.9 GHz systems • Tolerant of inadvertent interference from incumbent 5.9 GHz systems • The ISO L1 and L2 must be able to handle a large number of units in the • communication zone. On the order of 50 to 100. The system must not • collapse if this number is exceeded. • Transaction Size -- 500 Bits to 100 Mbytes or more • Traffic Speed -- 0 to 200 km/h (0 to 120 mph ) • Traffic Flow Rate -- 3000 v/h/l - (1 to 8 lanes) • Minimum coordinated RSU Separation -- 3 m (10 ft) • Must allow uncoordinated RSUs implementing different services on the same • channel to operate in close proximity -- 15 m (50 ft) or less - Enable acceptable • levels of interference between neighboring DSRC applications • Broadcast Reception Range for all On-board Units -- 325 m (1100 ft) at • a standard selected RSU power output Broady Cash, ARINC

  7. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT/TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS • USER REQUIREMENTS (continued) • Communication zones shall be variable from 2 to 1000m (7 to 3000 ft); i.e., • Two-way Range for all devices -- 15 m (50 ft) • Two-way Range for some devices -- 30 m (100 ft) • Two-way Range for some devices -- 100 m (300 ft) • Two-way Range for some devices -- 300 m (1000 ft) • Two-way Range for some devices -- 1000 m (3000 ft) • Transaction Success Rate -- 99.0 to 99.995 % • Enable Licensed Operation • Implement Vehicle Location • Implement Lane Discrimination (implies specification on antenna type and • OBU mounting) • Implement a High Density of Applications • Support Multiple Overlapping Communication Zones • Meet FCC, Industry Canada, and Mexican Government Regulations • Enable An Entry Level - low cost - device • Does Not Require Usage Fees • Multi-modal (road and rail) Broady Cash, ARINC

  8. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT/TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS • DERIVED REQUIREMENTS • Max Speed - 200 km/h • 1000 m range must support 1 Mbps • Enable Dedicated service • The OBE must be able to negotiate the frequency of operation • Must provide prioritized media access • Must be Able to Support Protected Operation • Implement a tier of device types to scale device capability from the lowest to • highest raw data rate - 2 to 27/54 Mbps and 15 to 1000 m range to match • application requirements to device complexity Broady Cash, ARINC

  9. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPT/TECHNOLOGY GOALS GOALS in Addition to the Requirements • Maximize communication between radar pulses near co-channel radar installations. • Minimize high angle radiation to stay below the aggregate radiation level required to prevent interference with satellite receivers. Broady Cash, ARINC

  10. 5.9 GHz DSRC CHARACTERISTICS • Approach: Active • Bandwidth: 75 MHz (5.850 - 5.925 GHz) • Modulation: QPSK OFDM (with 16QAM and 64QAM options) (BPSK preamble) • Channels: 7 - 10 MHz channels (optional combinations of 10 and 20 MHz channels) • Data Rate: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, and 27 Mbps with 10 MHz Channels (3 Mbps preamble) • (or 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54 Mbps with 20 MHz Channel option) (6 Mbps preamble) • Max Tx Pwr: 28.8 dBm (at the antenna input) • RSU EIRP: Nominal 0 - 33 dBm (1 mW - 2 W)/Max. 44.8 dBm (30 W) • OBU EIRP: Nominal 0 - 20 dBm (1 - 100 mW) / Max. 44.8 dBm (30 W) • RSU and OBU Sensitivity: - 82 dBm (QPSK) / - 65 dBm (64QAM) • C/I: 4 - 6 dB (for QPSK @ 10-4 BER coded) / 16 - 17 dB (for 64QAM @ 10-4 BER coded) • Band Sharing Strategy - Frequency Coordination. Selection of alternate channels for adjacent zones. Use CSMA to prevent interference between users in the channel. RSU - Roadside Unit; OBU - Onboard Unit; EV - Emergency Vehicle; EIRP - Effective Isotropic Radiated Power; CSMA - Carrier Sense Multiple Access Broady Cash, ARINC

  11. 5.9 GHz DSRC BASIC CONCEPTS • Channels in 5.850 to 5.925 GHz follow FCC CFR 47 part 90 rules • Channels in 5.850 to 5.850 GHz follow Industry Canadian rules • 10 MHz channels, optional capability to combine 2 chs into one 20 MHz ch • RSU EIRP Limit 44.8 dBm (Public Safety), 33 dBm (Private) • OBU Device EIRP Limit 40 dBm (Public Safety), 33 dBm (Private) • Out of channel emission – 25 dBm (All devices) • Dedicated Control Channel for announcements and warnings(All) • All transmissions comply with ASTM E2213-02 • A dedicated channel is reserved for High Availability/Very Low Latency. • Intersection application operations are conducted in a dedicated channel. • 2 small zone Service Channels are designated for extended data transfers. • 2 medium zone Service Channels are designated for extended data transfers. • OBUs follow RSU instructions in Service Channels. • OBUs implement a time limit on Service Channel transactions. ch - channel CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Broady Cash, ARINC

  12. 5.9 GHz DSRC CONCEPT OVERVIEW 5.9 GHz DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) enables high data rate, interference limited, low latency, licensable communication in the 5.825 to 5.925 GHz Spectrum. Use of the 5.850 to 5.925 GHz part of this spectrum in the US is limited to communication between vehicles and roadside devices, communication between vehicles, and communication between vehicles and handheld devices. The 5.9 GHz DSRC Concept described on this section includes the following elements: A. Spectrum Allocation (Item 1) B. Channel Designations (Item 2,3) C. User Class Identification (Item 4) D. Eligibility (Item 5) E. Spectrum Management and License Assignment (Item 6) F. Channel Allocation (Item 7, 8) G. Equipment Description (Item 9 to 31) H. Channel Utilization (Item 32 to 41) Broady Cash, ARINC

  13. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS • 1. In the US, 5.9 GHz DSRC operations under US Title 47 CFR part 90 are currently allocated to the spectrum between 5.850 and 5.925 GHz.(Canadian spectrum regulatory authorities are currently evaluating the recommendation to adopt DSRC operation in the spectrum between 5.850 and 5.925 GHz in Canada, with specific sections designated as special license zones.) • 2. The US 5.9 GHz DSRC spectrum is divided into seven 10 MHz channels with 10 MHz channel spacing between the centers of the channels. The channels are designated by the formula “channel center frequency = 5000 + 5 * nch (MHz)”, where nch = 0 to 200. • Channel 172: 5855 to 5865 MHz • Channel 174: 5865 to 5875 MHz • Channel 176: 5875 to 5885 MHz • Channel 178: 5885 to 5895 MHz • Channel 180: 5895 to 5905 MHz • Channel 182: 5905 to 5915 MHz • Channel 184: 5915 to 5925 MHz • This enables compatibility with the UNII band IEEE 802.11a channel numbering to facilitate the planned implementation of dual mode UNII/DSRC devices. • The spectrum between 5850 and 5855 GHz is reserved for potential expansion of the UNII band that would enable implementation of additional channels in this region. ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials DSRC - Dedicated Short-Range Communications CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Broady Cash, ARINC

  14. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS 3. Channel pairs 174/176, and 180/182 may each be combined to provide 20 MHz channels (designated as 175 and 181 respectively), when the data rate requirements of an application or installation exceed 27 Mbps and the installation is licensed to use the channels being combined. 4. 5.9 GHz DSRC Applications are categorized as Public Safety and Private. These applications share licensed channels. The definition of “Public Safety Services” and licensing eligibility for DSRC is found in Section 337(f) (1) of the 1997 Communications Act. 5. Public Safety applications shall have priority over all Private applications in overlapping communication zone environments. Broady Cash, ARINC

  15. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS • 6.All channels are managed by an “FCC-Certified Frequency Coordinator” and licensed by the FCC under part 90 rules. The Frequency Coordinator shall use standard interference contours based on the requested class of service to determine possible interference to existing users and pending applicants, when evaluating a license application. Site specific contours can also be used to refine the analysis. The use of directional antennas is encouraged to assist in the solution of mutual interference. To minimize interference between users the Frequency Coordinator shall assign different service channels, when available, to users in adjacent zones that are inside an interference contour. Shared use of the channels will be implemented, using listen before transmit techniques, when non-interference cannot be established due to the density of users in any particular area. Based on a showing of non-interference or adequate sharing, the coordinator shall recommend the DSRC installation application for approval to the FCC. • 6a. DSRC installations have four classes and corresponding RSU EIRP Limits: • Class 1: 10 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 15 meters • Class 2: 23 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 100 meters • Class 3: 33 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 400 meters • Class 4: 44.8 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 1000 meters. • 6b. The interference contour is specified as received power level of -88 dBm. • The received power level is measured at 1.2 m above ground level • with a 0 dBi antenna in the applicable channel. Broady Cash, ARINC

  16. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS 6c. The Frequency Coordinator shall verify that the license applicant is not implementing an unnecessarily large communication zone or producing an excessive interference contour to implement the requested application. 7. Channel 178 is designated as the Control Channel where announcements and short data messages are transmitted. All announcements and messages on this channel shall be less than than 200 us. The other channels are designated as Service channels, where additional data transfers and special operations applications, as identified in paragraphs 22 and 23, occur. 7a. Channels 172, 174, 175, 176, 180, 181, 182, and 184 support shared (Public Safety and Private) licensed Service Channel operations in the US, Canada, and Mexico. 7b. Channel 184, is assigned (with exceptions) to public safety applications which require relatively high power and wide area coordination to prevent interference. 7c. Channel 172 is assigned to High Availability/Very Low Latency communications. 8. The terms Roadside Unit (RSU) and On-board Unit (OBU) identify the 2 types of DSRC devices. Broady Cash, ARINC

  17. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS 9. A Roadside Unit (RSU) is a DSRC transceiver that is normally mounted along a road or other vehicle or pedestrian passageway. 9a. An RSU may also be mounted on a vehicle or be hand carried but may only operate when the RSU is stationary. 9b. Licensed RSU operation is restricted to a specific fixed site location or area. 9c. Handheld or portable RSUs are permitted to operate on the Control Channel and Service Channels in areas designated by their license and where they are do not interfere with a fixed site licensed operation. 9d. An RSU broadcasts data to OBUs or exchanges data with OBUs in its communication zone. 9e. An RSU also provides channel assignments and operating instructions to OBUs in its communication zone, when required. Broady Cash, ARINC

  18. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS 10. Public Safety RSUs operate under a shared area license assigned to the appropriate public safety eligible agencies. This agency provides coordinated access to channels for its Public Safety application implementers that are shared using listen before talk and area wide priority assignments. Public Safety installations shall be implemented with directional antennas whenever possible to minimize interference to co-channel users. 11. Private RSUs shall operate under a site specific license and use directional antennas whenever possible to minimize interference to co-channel users. Multiple RSU installations may be constructed under one license to cover a service area at a contiguous DSRC service site. 12. Multiple RSU installations may be constructed under one license to cover a group of RSUs operating at non-contiguous sites controlled by a single licensee. 13. RSU license applications will specify the class of service, modulation designator, power level, location, antenna height, antenna gain, antenna pattern, boresight azimuth range, and boresight elevation range for all RSU antennas. In addition, the maximum message repetition rate on the Control Channel shall be specified. When a Service Channel is used, the Service Channel frequency and maximum data rate shall also be specified. The maximum RSU antenna height above ground level is 15 m. Broady Cash, ARINC

  19. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS 14. All RSU installations must be operational within 12 months of obtaining a license. 15. Public Safety and Private RSU installations operating in Channels 172, 174, 175, and 176 are used to implement small and medium range operations. RSU installation transmissions in Channels 172, 174, and 176 shall not exceed 28.8 dBm antenna input power and 33 dBm EIRP. RSU installation transmissions in Channel 175 shall not exceed 10 dBm antenna input power and 23 dBm EIRP. 16. Public Safety RSU installation transmissions in Channel 178 shall not exceed 28.8 dBm antenna input power and 44.8 dBm EIRP. Private RSU installation transmissions in Channel 178 shall not exceed 28.8 dBm antenna input power and 33 dBm EIRP. 17. Public Safety RSU installation transmissions in channels 180, 181, and 183 shall not exceed 10 dBm antenna input power and 23 dBm EIRP. 18. Public Safety RSU installation transmissions in channels 184 shall not exceed 28.8 dBm antenna input power and 40 dBm EIRP. Private RSU installation transmissions in channels 184 shall not exceed 28.8 dBm antenna input power and 33 dBm. Broady Cash, ARINC

  20. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS • 19. DSRC Channels 180, 181, and 182 are used to implement small zone operations. Public Safety and Private RSU installation transmissions in these channels shall not exceed 10 dBm antenna input power and 23 dBm EIRP. These installations shall also have a minimum 6 dBi antenna. Interfering emissions in these channels shall not exceed a maximum received power level of - 76 dBm at 15 m from the installations being evaluated. The received power level is measured at 1.2 m above ground level with a 0 dBi antenna. • 20. An On-Board Unit (OBU) is a DSRC transceiver that is mounted in or on a vehicle or hand carried. An OBU can be operational while in motion or stationary. OBUs receive, contend for time to transmit, or are assigned a time to transmit on one or more RF channels. Except where specifically excluded, OBU operation is permitted wherever vehicle operation or human passage is permitted. OBUs may communicate with RSUs or other OBUs. • 21. Except for designated applications, all OBUs automatically select the Control Channel and wait for application announcements, data transfers, or warning messages. An application announcement will identify a DSRC service channel to be used for data transfers larger than those which can be handled on the Control Channel. Broady Cash, ARINC

  21. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS 22. Multi-channel OBUs respond to channel assignment instructions from a RSU and return to the Control Channel as a default. If a vehicle contains multiple OBUs at least one must operate on the Control Channel. 23. OBU transactions that occur on a Service Channel shall comply with the time limits described in the IEEE 1609.4. If these limits are exceeded, the OBU shall terminate or pause the transaction and return to the control channel. Subsequent resumption of the transaction would be permitted according to IEEE 1609.4. 24. Private OBU operations in Channels 172, 174, 176, 178, and 184 shall not exceed 28.8 dBm antenna input power and 33 dBm EIRP. Public and Private OBU operations in Channel 175 shall not exceed 10 dBm antenna input power and 23 dBm EIRP. Private OBU operations in Channels 180, 181, and 182 shall not exceed 20 dBm antenna input power and 23 dBm EIRP. 25. Public Safety OBU operations in channel 184 shall not exceed 28.8 dBm antenna input power and 40 dBm EIRP. Public Safety OBU operations in channels 172, 174, and 176 shall not exceed 28.8 dBm antenna input power and 33 dBm EIRP and 44.8 dBm EIRP in channel 178. Public Safety OBU operations in channels 180, 181, and 182shall not exceed 20 dBm antenna input power and 23 dBm EIRP. ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers DSRC - Dedicated Short-Range Communications UNII - Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure Broady Cash, ARINC

  22. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS • 26.RSUs and OBUs shall transmit only the power needed to communicate over the distance required by the application being supported. Maximum antenna input power is 28.8 dBm and Maximum EIRP is 44.8 dBm. All adjacent channel or adjacent band emissions shall be attenuated by 55 +10 log (Pw), where Pw is measured in watts, measured in a 100 kHz bandwidth. • 26a. RSU and OBU Transmitter Output Power Limit: • Class 1: 0 dBm • Class 2: 10 dBm • Class 3: 20 dBm • Class 4: 28.8 dBm and up • 26b. RSU Installation EIRP Limit: • Class 1: 10 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 15 meters • Class 2: 23 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 100 meters • Class 3: 33 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 400 meters • Class 4: 48.8 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 1000 meters. • 26c. OBU EIRP Limit: • Class 1: 10 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 100 meters • Class 2: 23 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 400 meters • Class 3: 33 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 1000 meters • Class 4: 48.8 dBm max - intended for ranges up to 1000 meters Broady Cash, ARINC

  23. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS 27. RSUs and OBUs shall listen before transmitting and OBUswith more than 0 dBmpower capabilityshall implement power control in fixed steps. 28. RSUs shall have a frequency accuracy equal to or better than +/- 10 ppm. OBUs shall have a frequency accuracy of equal to or better than +/- 10 ppm. 29. All Control Channel, Public Safety, and Private DSRC operations in the 5.850 to 5.925 GHz band shall be implemented in compliance with the ASTM E2213 DSRC standard. 30. All roadside to vehicle or vehicle to vehicle Public Safety Warning messages are announced or delivered on the Control Channel. Public safety warning messages shall have priority over all other messages on this channel. Only Short Public Safety Warning messages may be delivered on the Control Channel. Any Public Safety Warning message data transfers longer than 200 us must occur on a Service Channel. (The message time limit and interval limit are currently being Modified in the IEEE 1609.4 discussions) Broady Cash, ARINC

  24. 5.9 GHz DSRC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS 31. Channel 184 is assigned as the primary Service Channel for Public Safety, high power (above 33 dBm), coordinated RSU applications. Public Safety applications in this category, including the signal priority application, receive priority access to this channel. An OBU may be dedicated exclusively to operations in this channel as long as another OBU on the vehicle is conducting operations on the Control and other channels. Private applications may use Channel 184 as a Service Channel when authorized by the Frequency Coordinator, with knowledge that high-power Public Safety applications (if implemented) have the potential to provide severe interruptions of Private application service. Private applications must not interfere with and must accept interference from Public Safety operations in the channel. 32. Channel 172 is assigned as the primary Service Channel for High Availability Very Low Latency communications. To prevent channel overloading and minimize latency, communications in this channel give priority to Public Safety related messages (vehicle location, speed, status, acceleration, etc.). 33. Any one licensee at a given location may be assigned no more than two 10 MHz Service Channels in the licensed DSRC band unless the applicant provides documentation to the FCC Frequency Coordinator to show that more channels are necessary or would provide substantial improvement in the operation of the service and that it would not endanger the non-mutually exclusive use of the band. The Frequency Coordinator will verify that the need is justified before allowing such use. Broady Cash, ARINC

  25. HARMONIZED 5.9 GHz DSRC BAND PLAN Control Channel Canadian Special License Zones* Service Channels US Spread Spectrum Allocation High Availability “Reserved” for harmonization with potential extension of the UNII band Primarily Public Safety High-power App. US and Potential Mexican DSRC Allocation Optional 20 MHz Optional 20 MHz Ch 172 Ch 174 Ch 176 Ch 178 Ch 180 Ch 182 Ch 184 Proposed Canadian DSRC Allocation Optional 20 MHz Optional 20 MHz Potential UNII Expansion Channels Ch 180 Ch 182 Ch 184 Ch 172 Ch 178 Ch 174 Ch 176 5.875 5.880 5.905 5.910 5.850 5.855 5.860 5.865 5.870 5.885 5.890 5.895 5.900 5.920 5.925 5.825 5.845 5.835 5.830 5.915 5.840 Frequency (GHz) 10 MHz Channels with 20 MHz combination options * - The use of channels overlapping these zones may be restricted in some locations in Canada. Broady Cash, ARINC

  26. 5.9 GHz DSRC with 10 MHz CHANNELS Shared Public Safety/Private Dedicated Public Safety Med Rng Service High Availability Intersections Short Rng Service Control Power Limit 44.8 dBm 40 dBm Power Limit 33 dBm Power Limit 23 dBm Uplink Downlink Public Safety Veh-Veh Public Safety/ Private Public Safety/ Private Public Safety/ Private Public Safety/ Private Public Safety Intersections Control Channel Ch 180 Ch 182 Ch 172 Ch 184 Ch 178 Ch 174 Ch 176 5.875 5.880 5.905 5.910 5.850 5.855 5.860 5.865 5.870 5.885 5.890 5.895 5.900 5.920 5.925 5.825 5.845 5.835 5.830 5.915 5.840 Canadian Special License Zones* Frequency (GHz) Broady Cash, ARINC

  27. 5.9 GHz DSRC with OPT 20 MHz CHANNELS Shared Public Safety/Private Dedicated Public Safety Med Rng Service High Availability Intersections Short Rng Service Control Power Limit 44.8 dBm 40 dBm Power Limit 33 dBm Power Limit 23 dBm Uplink Downlink Public Safety Veh-Veh Public Safety/ Private Public Safety/ Private Public Safety/ Private Public Safety/ Private Public Safety Intersections Control Channel Ch 180 Ch 182 Ch 172 Ch 184 Ch 178 Ch 174 Ch 176 5.875 5.880 5.905 5.910 5.850 5.855 5.860 5.865 5.870 5.885 5.890 5.895 5.900 5.920 5.925 5.825 5.845 5.835 5.830 5.915 5.840 Frequency (GHz) Canadian Special License Zones* Broady Cash, ARINC

  28. DSRC and UNII CHANNELS Private Shared Public Safety/Private Dedicated Public Safety Unlicensed Med Rng Service High Availability Intersections Short Rng Service Control US UNII Allocation US DSRC Allocation US Spread Spectrum Allocation Licensed Un-licensed Uplink Downlink Ch 172 UNII Ch 149 Ch 153 Ch 157 Ch 161 Ch 175 Ch 181 Ch 178 Ch 184 Control Channel 5.825 5.830 5.835 5.845 5.850 5.855 5.860 5.865 5.870 5.875 5.880 5.885 5.890 5.895 5.900 5.905 5.910 5.915 5.920 5.925 5.840 5.725 5.730 5.735 5.745 5.750 5.755 5.760 5.765 5.770 5.775 5.780 5.785 5.790 5.795 5.800 5.805 5.810 5.815 5.820 5.740 Frequency (GHz) Ch - Channel Broady Cash, ARINC

  29. DSRC ARCHITECTURE APPLICATION APPLICATION RM-ME OBU RESOUCE MANAGER IEEE P1609.1 ILSME(part of P1609.3) ASME APPLICATION SERVICES IEEE P1609.2 UDP NETWORKING SERVICES (L3) ISO 21210 IEEE P1609.3 ROHC (IETF RFC 3095) LLC (IEEE 802.2) MXME MAC EXTENSION IEEE P1609.4 MLME MAC (IEEE 802.11) ASTM E2213-02 PLCP/PLME PHY Broady Cash, ARINC

  30. Communication with vehicles at high velocities Capability to communicate with all units Capability to process individual broadcast messages Extremely low latency tolerance – measured in single and dual digit milliseconds Multiple channel operation during each session Extremely close channel spacing Widely varying unit power levels Multiple overlapping uncoordinated communication zones (usually on different channels) Operation in the automotive environment Licensed operation Uniqueness of DSRC Broady Cash, ARINC

  31. DSRC is based on the 11a and 11g OFDM PHY, with the following primary differences: The frequency range is 5.850-5.925 GHz The channels are 10MHz wide, with two 20MHz options The spectral mask has three additional configurations referenced to power output Additional classes of operation were added to the adjacent channel rejection requirements. An automotive environment temperature class is added Specific channels have unique rules for operation Almost all units acquire the link on the “Control Channel” then switch to other channels for data transfer. A modified IBSS mode is used for rapid link acquisition For privacy reasons, the MAC address is random Using Locally Administered address space An algorithm to resolve duplicates is provided (a rare occurrence - 1 in 2^46 probability) What changes to 802.11? Broady Cash, ARINC

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