1 / 9

Human Genetics and Sex-Linked Traits

Human Genetics and Sex-Linked Traits. Human Chromosomes. Humans have 46 (23 pairs) of chromosomes These 46 chromosomes contain over 100,000 genes Human chromosomes come in homologous pairs – one from mom, one from dad – they are similar in size, shape and the genes they contain.

rufus
Download Presentation

Human Genetics and Sex-Linked Traits

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Human Genetics and Sex-Linked Traits

  2. Human Chromosomes • Humans have 46 (23 pairs) of chromosomes • These 46 chromosomes contain over 100,000 genes • Human chromosomes come in homologous pairs – one from mom, one from dad – they are similar in size, shape and the genes they contain

  3. Determination of Gender • Sex chromosomes are the only pair of chromosomes in which the members of a pair do not always match together • Sex chromosomes = X and Y • All other chromosomes = autosomes • The presence of the Y chromosome determines “maleness”

  4. Turner Syndrome • One X chromosome, no other sex chromosome • Individuals with Turner Syndrome are physically female but never develop physically past childhood

  5. Klinefelter Syndrome Other Sex Chromosome abnormalities XXX XXXX XYY – 1/1000 male births; XXYY • XXY • Less facial and body hair • Usually less muscular due to less testosterone being produced • Usually infertility is a symptom

  6. Sex – Linked Traits • The X chromosome is large and carries many genes • The Y chromosome is small with few genes • If an allele is on an X chromosome and not the Y, then a man will express that allele – regardless of whether it is dominant or recessive

  7. Sex – Linked Traits Colorblindness Hemophilia Hemophilia is a blood clotting disorder where the blood does not clot (at all) 1/10,000 men 1/100,000,000 women • XC = color vision • Xc = color blind • In females: • XCXC = Normal vision • XCXc = normal vision (carrier) • XcXc = color blind • In Males: • XCY = normal vision • XcY = color blind

  8. Muscular Dystrophy • A disorder in which the muscles degenerate over time • Caused by a problem with a gene that codes for a certain muscle protein • Located on the X chromosome

More Related