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Kaidi Kriisa Lund 2012

Vernacular languages instead of Latin – transition in academic dissertations and orations in the 17th century University of Tartu (in Academia Gustaviana, 1632-1656). Kaidi Kriisa Lund 2012. Introduction . In the context of the 17th century University of Tartu...

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Kaidi Kriisa Lund 2012

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  1. Vernacular languages instead of Latin – transition in academic dissertations and orations in the 17th century University of Tartu (in Academia Gustaviana, 1632-1656) Kaidi Kriisa Lund 2012

  2. Introduction • In the context of the 17th century University of Tartu... • Linguistic communication of the intellectuals – Latin-centered • Administrative and communicative language, the field of jurisprudence, the first stages of elementary education – (High) German • The language used in academic sphere – mostly Latin...or was it?

  3. Occurence of vernacular languages (1) Corpus: Out of 531 academic publications, 74 contained passages in vernacular languages, altogether 252 segments.

  4. Occurence of vernacular languages (2)

  5. Languages used (1)

  6. Languages used (2) Majority languages: • (High) German • Swedish Minority languages: • Low German • Finnish • Dutch

  7. Thematical-formal typology (1) Unlatinized forms of toponyms and proper names, including name listings and nicknames: Treyden pro Turaida Headings and subheadings of German books: Illustris Steno Bielke d[icto] l[oco] Vid[e] Reformation guter Policey zu Augspurg An[no] .../.../ Terminology and formulas: /.../et ipsi qui exercent eas opifices non artifices, Handwerksleute/.../ Short explanations of word’s etymology: /.../ cui Barrabus, id est, Filius Patris, Uater Söhnlein /.../

  8. Thematical-formal typology (2) Proverbs, sayings, enigmatic questions: /.../ umb. S[ankt]. Veit/ kömpt die Fliege selb nennde. /.../ Poems and church songs: /.../ Zwischen Lucern und Unterwalden/ Erhebt er sicht mit gehem staltn /.../ Quotations, commentaries and quotations from contemporary theological literature: /.../ Quare etiam Sacramenta per contemptum quidam, maxime (Calviniani) Beywege appellitant, /.../

  9. Thematical-formal typology (3) • Quotations from jurisprudential texts, historical books and political treatises Illustris Steno Bielke d[icto] l[oco]. V[ide] Reformation guter Policey zu Augspurg A[nno] 1530. & 1548. Usage of Swedish was more limited: • Unlatinized forms of toponyms and proper names & name listings: Oppida habet Borgo & Helsingfors .

  10. Thematical-formal typology (4) • A poem Hwar tåncke om sig som thet bör/(Everybody should, correctly, think it over) Tigh achta för then Gudh tigh gör/(Beware of the on who divinizes you!) doch Högferd fly och ösvermödh (However, flee away from conceit and hubris) Att Gudh ey sielff tigh står emoot. (So God himself will not stand against You) • Quotations from legal writings, including the code of Laws and a soldier’s oath Sverikes Rikes Landzlagh Kristofers Landzlagh

  11. Exceptions Soldier’s oath Four-versed poem in Swedish

  12. Faculties’ linguistic preferences (1) • The Faculty of Theology • Out of 65 segments, just one in Dutch • Quotations from the Bible • Andreas Virginius – 55 segments 2. The Faculty of Jurisprudence • 39 segments= 23 German+ 16 Swedish • Words: German= 129, Swedish= 555 • L. Ludenius x 5 (Swedish), H. Hein x 1 (German)

  13. Faculties’ linguistic preferences (2) 3. The Faculty of Philosophy • High German, Swedish, Low German, Finnish • 22 publications: ethical, poetical, historical, rhetorical • ≠ natural sciences nor philosophia propria • Toponymical descriptions 4. The Faculty of Medicine • Vernaculars = 0

  14. Conclusion The 17th century University of Tartu was rather opened to vernacular languages. At the first decade German was the most commonly used vernacular language, later on the usage of Swedish increased considerably.

  15. I would like to thank all of You, the audience, for Your patience, moreover I would like to thank my supervisor, professor Kristi Viiding, who led me to this extremely interesting topic and who has been really supportive through all my(research) process

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