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Medical Parasitology Lab.

Medical Parasitology Lab. . Prepared By: Mr. Raed Z. Ahmed. Zinc Sulphate method. Zinc Sulphate technique. Advantages: Zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation technique is useful for the recovery of protozoan cysts and helminthes eggs. Disadvantages:

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Medical Parasitology Lab.

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  1. Medical Parasitology Lab. Prepared By: Mr. Raed Z. Ahmed Zinc Sulphate method Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  2. Zinc Sulphate technique • Advantages: • Zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation technique is useful for the recovery of protozoan cysts and helminthes eggs. • Disadvantages: • Large trematode eggs, some tape worm eggs, and infertile Ascaris lumbricoides eggs are not concentrated by this method. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  3. Materials and Method • Zinc sulphate solution with specific gravity 1.18. • Mix 330gm dry zinc sulphate in 670ml distilled water. • Use the hydrometer or densitometer to adjust specific gravity around 1.18 Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  4. Tissue Cestodes Ecchinococcus granulosus Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  5. Ecchinococcus granulosus • Ecchinococcus granulosus also known as hydatid worm. • Disease: Ecchinococcus (serious disease). • Adult lives in intestine of dogsbut never in human intestine. • Definitive host: Dogs. • Dead end host: Human. • Intermediate host: sheep, cattle, horse, pigs. • Infective stage: ova by fecal oral route. • Diagnosis: • Tests involve antigen antibody reaction. • X-RAY examination. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  6. Ecchinococcus granulosus stages Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  7. Intestinal Cestodes Diphyllobotherium latum Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  8. Diphyllobotherium latum • knows as abroad fish tapeworm which can cause Diphylobotheriasis. • Mode of infection: through consumption of raw or undercooked fish contain plerocercoid larva. • Immature eggs are passed in feces of the mammal host (the definitive host). • After ingestion by a suitable freshwater crustacean (intermediate host), the coracidia develop into procercoid larvae. • Following ingestion of the crustacean by a suitable second intermediate host, the procercoid larvae are released from the crustacean and migrate into the fish's flesh where they develop into a plerocercoid larvae • The plerocercoid larvae are the infective stage for the definitive host (including humans). • Diagnosis: • Stool analysis to finding typical eggs ( oval, yellow brown with operculum at one end) and segments. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  9. Diphyllobotherium latum eggs Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  10. Intestinal Cestodes Taenia spp. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  11. Life cycle Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  12. Taenia spp. • Of the 32 recognized species of Taenia, only Taenia solium and Taenia saginata are medically important. • Taenia saginata, which is also known as the "beef tapeworm", though it also infects humans. • Taenia solium, which is known as the "pork tapeworm". Like Taenia saginata humans serve as its primary host. • Both have mature, immature and gravid segments. • Both have scolex provided with four cup- shaped suckers, but T. saginata has an unarmed scolex while T. solium has an armed scolex. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  13. Taenia spp. (Cont….) • In both species the infective stage is the cysticercus. • Cows are the intermediate host of T. saginata while pigs are the intermediate host of T. solium. • Definitive host: Human. • Diagnosis: • By finding gravid proglotid or eggs in stool. • Eggs present in stool less often are proglottids. • Direct fecal smear. • Brine flotation technique. • Taenia saginata and Taenia solium must be differentiated from each other by the following: • Mature segment, gravid proglotid and adult worm. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  14. Comparison Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  15. Taenia Egg We can’t use egg to differentiate b/w two species Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  16. Taenia scolex Taenia solium Taenia saginata Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  17. Taenia mature segment Taenia saginata 2 ovary lobes Taenia solium 3 ovary lobes Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  18. Taenia Gravid Proglotid Taenia saginata Taenia solium Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

  19. Taenia Adult worm Taenia saginata Taenia solium Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012-2013

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