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Alfred Alder (1870-1937)

Alfred Alder (1870-1937). Dreams important in understanding human personality Rejected idea that dreams only about sexuality (Freud)… unlike Freud, Alder believed that humans motivated by all kinds of power, not just sexual

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Alfred Alder (1870-1937)

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  1. Alfred Alder (1870-1937) • Dreams important in understanding human personality • Rejected idea that dreams only about sexuality (Freud)… unlike Freud, Alder believed that humans motivated by all kinds of power, not just sexual • “inferiority complex”- people feel inferior at times, especially children. They try to compensate by seeking experience of power (ex. Promotion, biggest house, fastest car) • Developed a system of therapy, individual psychology- guided people’s goals and values

  2. Carl Jung (1875-1961) • Analytical psychology • Interested in how personality develops • Each person is unique • Personal unconscious and collective unconscious (contains memories from our ancestors • Developed a system to define personality (introverts/extroverts) • Introvert- some people use the psychological “power” inward into themselves, they are often emotionally self sufficient and do not need many personal relationships to give them reassurance and confidence • Extrovert- use power to draw people closer to others, outgoing and more comfortable in large group of people • Psychological Functions: • Sensation (experience of the physical world) • Intuition (deeper perception of inner meaning) • Thinking (evaluation of fact, intellect) • Feeling (emotional, based on our ideas of likes and dislikes)

  3. Jean Piaget (1896-1960) • Interested in and influenced childhood development theories • Believed that differences in child’s capacity to reason and learn could be measured • Chronological, you can’t skip stages (30% of 30 year olds do not reach last stage) • 4 stages of Learning • Sensory motor (0-2: touch) • Preoperational (begins to understand symbols) • Concrete operational (logical- water in cups) • Formal Operational (reason- other persons point of view)

  4. Erik Erikson (1902-1994) • Interested in human development • People suffer from identity crises (each individual must resolve conflict between wants and needs) • Developed a theory of 8 stages of development • To pass onto the next stage of life in a positive way, the conflict within each stage needs to be resolved positively ( Ex Teens: Identity Vs. Role confusion… to be a successful adult important to know who you are and what you stand for) • Focused on individual and the way he or she relates to society as a whole

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