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Electric Fields

Electric Fields. Learning Goal. Know the convention related to the direction of a vector representing the ELECTRIC FIELD around charged particles. Know the difference between ELECTRIC POTENTIAL and ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY Know what VOLTAGE is. GRAVITY. ELECTROSTATIC FORCE. -. -. -.

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Electric Fields

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  1. Electric Fields

  2. Learning Goal Know the convention related to thedirection of a vector representing the ELECTRIC FIELD around charged particles. Know the difference betweenELECTRIC POTENTIALandELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY Know what VOLTAGE is.

  3. GRAVITY ELECTROSTATIC FORCE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Distance = 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 R FORCE = 1 N 1/4 N 1/9 N 1/16 N

  4. Field lines are in the direction of the force that would be put on a POSITIVE test charge. - +

  5. Field lines are in the direction of the force that would be put on a POSITIVE test charge. + +

  6. Field lines are in the direction of the force that would be put on a POSITIVE test charge. Test Charge ? + Force What is the direction of the field lines around the unknown charge?

  7. - + http://son.nasa.gov/tass/images/electric_fields3.jpg

  8. + http://son.nasa.gov/tass/images/electric_fields3.jpg

  9. + - http://son.nasa.gov/tass/images/electric_fields3.jpg

  10. + +

  11. - -

  12. + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - http://son.nasa.gov/tass/images/electric_fields3.jpg

  13. + + http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://sdsu-physics.org/physics180/physics180B/p180b_images/lines_of_force.gif&imgrefurl=http://sdsu-physics.org/physics180/physics180B/Chapters/electric_forces_fields.htm&usg=__BzwB4Czxd3EYHJwJ7I_nxDq5hJ8=&h=322&w=450&sz=19&hl=en&start=50&tbnid=tGSnyfsTj5ZmKM:&tbnh=91&tbnw=127&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2522electric%2Bfield%2522%26start%3D40%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DN

  14. + + http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/GBSSCI/PHYS/Class/estatics/u8l4c16.gif

  15. Electrical Field ½ g 1 g 0 g 1 g ½ g - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Gravitational Field -

  16. Charges arrange themselves on the surface to create an electrical field of zero on the inside. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  17. + + - + - - - - + - - + - - + - - + - - + - - + - - + - - + - - - - - + +

  18. - - - - - - - The amount a charge that can be built up before discharge is directly proportional to the radius of the sphere.

  19. Charges arrange themselves on the surface to create an electrical field of zero on the inside. q1· q2R2 F = k - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Greater DISTANCEneeds More CHARGE - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  20. Charges arrange themselves on the surface to create an electrical field of zero on the inside. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - q1· q2R2 - - - F = k - - Greater DISTANCEneeds More CHARGE

  21. - - - - + + - + + + + + + + - + + + + + + + + + + - + + - - - - -

  22. - - - - - - - -

  23. The sharp points of the nails leak off charge just about as fast as it is being put on.

  24. Wimshurst Static Generator http://www.orau.org/PTP/collection/xraytubes/wimshurst.htm

  25. + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - http://www.roseappleacres.com/aboutus/index.htm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  26. Capacitors

  27. http://www.robradikal.com/catalog/flux%20capacitor%20jpeg

  28. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Capacitor + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - http://www.sears.com/sr/automotive/diehard_brand.jsp?vertical=AUTO

  29. Capacitor Insulator Conductor Insulator Conductor

  30. Capacitor http://www.splung.com/fields/images/capacitors/capacitors.jpg

  31. Leyden Jar(capacitor) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + - - - + + - - - + + - - - + - + - - - - + + - - + + - - + + - + - + - - + - - + + + + + + + + +

  32. ELECTRICALPotentialEnergy Versus ELECTRICALPotential

  33. The WORK done in lifting the crate equalsthe amount of Gravitational Potential ENERGY the crate will now have, which equals the amount of WORK the crate can do when released. 15 meters 2,000 N http://www.aviationpics.de/prev/crane%203.jpg

  34. GRAVITATIONALPotential Energy SeparatingAttractive Bodies ELECTRICALPotential Energy Bringing TogetherRepulsive Bodies 2,000 N (Joules) (Joules)

  35. ELECTRICALPotentialEnergy ELECTRICALPotential Total amountof energy Total amountof energyfor EACHcoulomb of charge (Joules/Coulomb) (Joules) VOLTS

  36. “9 Volts” ELECTRICALPotential Energy Bringing TogetherRepulsive Bodies(Joules / Coulomb) 9 V It takes 9 Joules of Energy for every Coulomb of charge that is brought together. “VOLTS” 9 Joules of Energy are released for every Coulomb of charge that flows through a wire.

  37. 60Joules 60 Joules 120 Joules 120 Joules 120 Joules JoulesCoulomb 120 120 Volts

  38. Low Voltage High Voltage One Coulomb One Coulomb

  39. 10 Volts 10 Volts 40 Joules 10 Joules 10 J 10 J 10 J 10 J 10 J One Coulomb Four Coulombs

  40. Many moreCoulombs, 6 Volts http://media.rei.com/media/603559Prd.jpg MoreJoulesperCoulomb many moreJoules More VOLTS A little lessjoules per coulomb 9 Volts http://www.maxiaids.com/ProdImages/4556718.jpg

  41. High Voltage High Voltage Four Coulombs One Coulomb

  42. Low Voltage High Voltage One Coulomb One Coulomb

  43. http://www.masshist.org/exhibitions/obj_turkey.cfm BEN FRANKLIN I have lately made an Experiment in Electricity that I desire never to repeat. Two nights ago being about to kill a Turkey by the Shock from two large Glass Jarrs containing as much electrical fire as forty common Phials, I inadvertently took the whole thro' my own Arms and Body." Excerpt 2"I then felt what I know not how well to describe; as universal Blow thro'out my whole Body from head to foot which seem'd within as well as without; after which the first thing I took notice of was a violent quick Shaking of my body which gradually remitting, my sense as gradually return'd, and then I tho't the Bottles must be discharged but Could not conceive how, till att last I Perceived the Chain in my hand, and Recollected what I had been About to do: that part of my hand and fingers which held the Chain was left white as tho' the Blood had been Driven Out, and Remained so 8 or 10 Minutes After, feeling like Dead flesh, and I had a Numbness in my Arms and the back of my Neck, which Continued till the Next Morning but wore off. Nothing Remains now of this Shock but a Soreness in my breast Bone, which feels As if it had been Brused. I Did not fall, but Suppose I should have been Knocked Down if I had Received the Stroke in my head: the whole was Over in less than a minute." Excerpt 1"The Company present (whose talking to me, and to one another I suppose occasioned my Inattention to what I was about) Say that the flash was very great and the crack as loud as a Pistol; yet my Senses being instantly gone, I neither Saw the one nor hear the other; nor did I feel the Stroke on my hand, tho' I afterwards found it raised a round swelling where the fire enter'd as big as half a Pistol Bullet by which you may judge of the Quickness of the Electrical Fire.“

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