PWJ: Providing Support in Times of Need

1. Logo 2005.10.12 NGO

2. Peace Winds Japan Overview The concept of PWJ has been “to provide necessary support to people in need” since its establishment in 1996.

3. Peace Winds Japan Activities Emergency relief in Afghanistan Medical mobile term in Iraq Well construction in Sierra Leone Seed distribution in Afghanistan Childcare in Mongolia Coffee industry assistance in East Timor PWJ activities are roughly two-fold: one is emergency humanitarian relief, aiming to secure the safety of lives and to provide the basic necessities. The other is assistance for restoration and development of ravaged areas, Aiming at retrieval of self-sustaining livelihood.

4. Engineering works in the NGO Contents ■ Changes of NGO’s environment in Japan ■ Development of Emergency Shelter ■ Earthquake safer design for the people in Afghanistan in Iran

5. Turning point of Japanese NGO’s : KOSOVO crisis Japanese NGO’s, Planning of refugee camp in Albania →To launch Japan Plat Form First 10days, Suffering form harsh condition →To develop Emergency shelter Refugee camp in Macedonia on April 1999

6. Japan Platform is a system to provide emergency relief in natural disasters and refugee situations more effectively and quickly. This will be realized through an equal partnership of NGOs, business and government, with each constituent making full use of its resources and characteristics. Structure of Japan Platform

7. ■Development of Emergency shelter Point of Emergency shelter ●Easy Transporting ●Quick set-up ●durability ●Large capacity ■Suffering of first 10days It takes a long time to getting family tent. Because transportation of a large number family tent isn’t easy in confect area. ■Stand by arrangement Arrangement living condition for the Psychological and physical stressed people is foremost task → Emergency Response Unit

8. ■Balloon Shelter1 Jun, 2000Idea of balloon shelter Jul, 2000Collaboration with Teijin Sep, 2000Completion of prototype design Oct, 2000 Completion of prototype Nov, 2000 Practical experiment Original design of Balloon shelter Model of refugee camp by balloon shelter: capacity is 3000 people

9. ■Balloon Shelter 2 30min setting up SPECIFICATION Structure:Pneumatic structure Size: 22m(w) x 5.84m(d) x4m(h) Packing Size :1m x 1m x 1m Weight: 60kg（main body）＋generator, blower, Peg, Material：　　　　lightweight High tension polyester fabric 「Tetolon Power lip」 Power：　　　　　 Electric blower （Full time）

10. ■Balloonin INDONESIA Nov, 2000 Practical experiment for durability and transportation

11. ■Balloonin INDIA Jan 2001：　Emergency assistance for Gujarat earthquakes

12. ■Balloonin AFGHANISTAN Feb 2002：　Sar-e pul IDP camp

13. ■Balloon set up

14. Oct 2004：　Tyuetsu-Earthquake ■Balloonin Nigata 400 people were staying in 2 weeks

15. ■Earthquake Safer design for the people Afghanistan 2002-

16. ■School construction in Kabul, Afghanistan at 20021 PWJ constructed 3schools. (20classrooms, 18classrooms, 6classrooms)

17. ■School construction in Kabul, Afghanistan at 2002 2 2, Block making machine *Automatically operation type Performance : 1100pc/day(8hours) *Manually operation type Performance : 300pc/day(8hours) Method of construction 1, Interlocking block system *Size : 300mm x 150mm x 150mm *Ratio : 1Cement, 5Sand, 1Aggregate *Compression strength (include hole) 35.68t / 446cm2 = 80kg/cm2 . Top face has convex Bottom face has concave Automatically type

18. ■School construction in Kabul, Afghanistan at 2002 3 Reinforce masonry work *Each 60cm, set up vertical reinforcing bars with 1:1.5:3 mixed concrete *Each 5th layer, set reinforcing bars and fill up concrete horizontally

19. ■UNCRD Workshop on Earthquake Safer Construction Practices for Non-engineered Buildings Introducing PWJ method of school construction Jun 17-19, 2003 at Kabul university Demonstration of shaking table by UNCRD

20. ■Humanitarian Network

21. ■BAM EARTHQUAKE, 2003

22. Phase 1 Since 27th of December 2003 *Distribution : 500tents for BAFIA camp Non food Items for Zone5,8and12 -cooking stove -Moocket etc, ■Bam IRAN, Emergency relief project

23. Phase 2 February 2004- ■Bam IRAN, Emergency relief project Big roof on the 5 Connexes. The roof is created multipurpose space 8m x 13m (100m2) *Temporary school project 7schools in zone 12,13 and 4

24. ■Developing phase Earthquake safer design for the people Objectives, *Provide appropriate earthquake-resistant structure techniques for vernacular houses to the people of Bam *Disseminate earthquake-safer designs to the people in Bam Target method-- Reinforced masonry work

25. ■Workshop “ Earthquake Safer design for people ” in Bam at 16 may 2004

26. ■Old building is in BAM Quality of construction For the earthquake safety, not only the building materials should be good quality but also the design and detailing as well as quality of construction should be good.

27. ■We propose 3 methods • Reinforced masonry work, using ordinary brick. • Stabilized Rammed earth structure • Stabilized compressed earth bricks

28. ■ 1. Reinforced masonry work

29. About Rammed Earth ConstructionRammed Earth Construction has evolved from techniques used since ancient times(origin: south Iran) and the growing market led demand for environmentally sustainable development, healthier lifestyles and healthier buildings has led to an Australian and worldwide re-kindling of interest in rammed earth architecture. The modern interpretation allows locally sourced soils and aggregates to be blended on site with special bonding additives. ■ 2. Stabilized Rammed earth structure Iran: Cine wall, Afghan: Paksa wall

30. ■ 3. Stabilized compressed earth bricks

31. Size of wheelbarrow: 200L • Size of bucket: 12.5L • Density of soil: 1.35g/cm3 • Density of sand: 1.5g/cm3 Wt of cement • Cement% = 12.5 x 2 x 3 Cement% = = 8% 200 x 2 x 1.35 + 200 x 1 x 1.5 + 12.5 x 2 x 3 12.5 x 2.5 x 1 Water% = = 3% 200 x 2 x 1.35 + 200 x 1 x 1.5 + 12.5 x 2 x 3 + 12.5 x 2.5 x 1 ■Mix design for rammed earth and compressed brick Mix design -Soil: 2 wheelbarrow - Sand: 1 wheelbarrow -Cement 2 bucket -Water: 2,5 bucket Ratio -Sand: 75% -Clay and Silt: 17% -Cement: 8% • Density of cement: 3.0g/cm3 • Density of water: 1.0g/cm3 Density of soil x volume of soil + density of sand x volume of sand + Wt of cement

32. ■Ideal Soil For Compressed Rammed Earth and compressed earth bricks Soil classification Particle Size (mm) Gravel 2.000 to 10.000 Sand 0.075 to 2.000 Silt 0.002 to 0.075 Clay 0.001 to 0.002 soil

33. ■Stabilized Rammed Earth structure 2 Sieving Soil / 4mm mesh sieve Mixing proportion Soil - 2 wheelbarrows Sand - 1 wheelbarrow Cement - 2 buckets Ratio Sand - 75% Clay and Silt - 15% Cement - 9.5% Dry mixing Preparing batch

34. ■Stabilized Rammed Earth structure 3 Wet mixing Ramming Foundation Steel Frame for Wall brick Brick Size: 600 x 230 x 290 Ramming Checking the compression with a Penentrometer

35. ■Roof structure Room 1: Masonry Flat Arch Roof Room 2: Masonry Doom Roof

36. ■Roof structure 1: ( Flat Arch ) I beam should be secured with roof RC beam Tie band should be secured in place Sticking Cement water Wedge insert

37. ■Roof structure 2: ( Stabilized Dome )

38. ■Roof structure 2: ( Stabilized Dome )

39. ■Model house in Exhibition site Site Plan by Housing foundation

40. ■School construction 1

41. ■School construction 2

42. ■ School construction 3

43. ■Guidebook “ Earthquake Safer design for people

44. ■Training for mason 1

45. ■Training for mason 2

46. ■Training for mason 3