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Requirements for Co-operative Systems on Motorways

Explore essential positioning and map referencing needs for intelligent road safety and traffic management on motorways. Discover key technologies and communication links for enhancing vehicle positioning accuracy and safety systems.

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Requirements for Co-operative Systems on Motorways

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  1. Requirements on Vehicle Positioning and Map Referencing for Co-operative Systems on motorwaysMartin Böhm, Thomas ScheiderE-NavigationOct. 16-17, 2007

  2. Agenda • AustriaTech • Co-operative Systems • Co-operative Traffic Management • Co-operative Services • Requirements on Positioning and Map Referencing • Conclusion

  3. AustriaTech • Foundation: 2005 • Spin-off of via donau – Österreichische Wasserstraßen-Gesellschaft mbH • 100% subsidiary of the bmvit (Austrian Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology) • AustriaTech is the steering instrument of the bmvit to assure the development and deployment of telematics in the Austrian transport network inline with macro-economic benefits for the society.

  4. AustriaTech – main projects • Telematics Master Plan Austria • ITS-Austria Initiative • Contribution to standardisation (CEN, ISO) • Coordination of national R&D projects in the field of ITS • CONNECT – Co-ordination and Stimulation of Innovative ITS Activities in Central and Eastern European Countries • Project coordinator of COOPERS – Co-operative Systems for Intelligent Road Safety

  5. Research areas in ITS COOPERS Infrastructure to vehicle communication link Vehicle to vehicle research projects (e.g Car2Car consortium, SAFESPOT..) Autonomous vehicle systems research (e.g. CVIS, EASIS…) and CALM - standard in communication technology

  6. Co-operative Systems in ITS GPS, Galileo Terrestrial Broadcast RDS, DAB, DVB-H Sat-Comm GSM-GPRS UMTS WiMAX • Beacon • CALM-M5 • CALM-IR • CEN-DSRC Hot-Spot (Wireless LAN) BroadcastTransmitter Variable Message Sign Vehicle-to-Vehicle (M5, IR, MM) Info-Broadcaster COOPERS CVIS SafeSpot SISTER

  7. COOPERS • VISION • Vehicles are connected via continuous wireless communication with the road infrastructure on motorways, exchange data and information relevant for the specific road segment to increase overall road safety and enable co-operative traffic management.

  8. I2V communication • Fast exchange of safety related information from the infrastructure to the drivers and vice versa • Road safety: precise and situation related real time advice/information improves safety of driving • Related to traffic, weather and road infrastructure status (e.g. road surface, but also network saturation!) • Identification of violations

  9. Communication Chain F I L T E R E V E N T TCC S1 S2 OPERATOR S3 DSS S4 DSS … Decision Support Service

  10. Communication Chain F I L T E R E V E N T TCC S1 S2 OPERATOR S3 Free flow DSS S4 DSS … Decision Support Service

  11. Infrastructure-to-vehicle communication links • DSRC (IR, Microwave) • Cell based (GSM/GPRS, UMTS) • Broadcast (DAB, DMB, DVB-H) • GNSS

  12. Services • Accident/Incident Warning • Weather Condition Warning • Roadwork Information • Lane Utilisation Information • In-Vehicle Variable Speed Limit Information • Traffic Congestion Warning

  13. Services • ISA with Infrastructure Link • Road Charging to Influence Demand • International Service Handover • Route Navigation - Estimated Journey Time • Route Navigation – Recommended Next Link • Route Navigation – Map Information Check to Inform of Current Update for Digital Maps

  14. Areas for improvement on Vehicle Positioning and Geo-referencing • I2V communication • Lane banning • Variable speed limit • ISA with Infrastructure Link • V2I communication • xFCD  Lane dependent information is necessary !

  15. Lane Utilisation Information • Change of Speed • Change of Driving-Direction (change lane, take exit, use hard shoulder, no passing…) • Very specific recommendations/instructions • Reduction of information overload • No interpretation of the information by the driver necessary Enhancement of driving safety

  16. xFCD • vehicle kinematics (wheel speeds,..) • safety systems (ABS, ASR, ESP event) activity, emergency flasher and alarm if a crash was detected • weather information (outside air temp, rain sensor status, fog lamp status) • vehicle GNSS position •  Use vehicles as a floating probes to improve event detection

  17. Requirements on Vehicle Positioning • Lane specific localisation of the vehicle (for lane services) • positioning accuracy transversal accuracy +/- 1.0 meters longitudinal accuracy +/- 30 meters +/- 30 meters +/- 1.0 meters

  18. Robust Positioning Unit • „Robust Positioning Unit“ (RPU) • Requirements of the RPU: • High accuracy, • High reliability and • Integrity. • Key technology „fault tolerant Navigation“ • Galileo Receiver (GSSF) • Wheel speed • Turn-rate-sensor (Gyro) • Differential-Odometry • Integration of available in car sensors (CAN-Bus). • Core of the RPU will be the sensor fusion.

  19. Optimum Sensorfusion Optimum Navigation Map Matching Sensor 2 Sensor 1 Sensor Data Fusion Galileo GPS Odometer Gyro Nav Algorithm Bake Important requirements for relevant applications in traffic systems: • Sensor fusion • High performance (Accuracy, Availability, Integrity) • Low Cost of On-Board-Units

  20. RPU - Implementation • Migration of the developed optimal fusion algorithm towards a real time system. • Selection of an adequate hardware platform for the execution of the real time algorithm and other components (HMI, database, etc.). • Connection of the processing unit with the individual sensor components. • Design and implementation of interfaces towards other OBU elements.

  21. Requirements on Map referencing • Position-data must have a clear and unique reference to the in-vehicle map • absolut accuracy  no problem • relative accuracy  lane specific referencing? +/- 30 meters +/- 1.0 meters

  22. Relative Accuracy in current maps • Current geo-databases: Link database (centerline of the road) Every link indicates numer of lanes  Calibration of map matching? Source: www.dlib.org/dlib/july00/crane/07crane.html

  23. Calibration of the Nav-System • Calibration at each gantry via Infra-Red: • lane information • map update

  24. Conclusion • Requirements on Vehicle Positioning and Map Referencing for Co-operative Systems: • lane dependend traffic information • Reduced distraction of the driver by receiving only relevant information • Precise information from the vehicle to the road operator • Map referencing • Calibration (including map update) at each gantry • New map model (?)

  25. Martin Böhm Thomas Scheider

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