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What is going on in the lab?

Teacher: Audrey Gonzalez CCISD Professor Mentor: Zhengdong Cheng, PhD Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering. What is going on in the lab?. What is going on in the lab?. What type of engineering is conducted in the lab? Chemical Engineering

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What is going on in the lab?

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  1. Teacher: Audrey Gonzalez CCISD Professor Mentor: Zhengdong Cheng, PhD Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering What is going on in the lab?

  2. What is going on in the lab? • What type of engineering is conducted in the lab? Chemical Engineering • What is the research? Soft condensed matter: colloids, droplets, and cells Gas in liquid Droplets Liquid in liquid Cell

  3. Zhengdong Cheng, PhD.

  4. What is the research and what is the big picture behind it? • (1) Colloidal Crystal Growth: Understanding colloid structure in order to Engineer Materials for Optical Computers • (2) Discotic colloids:Using colloids to make replications of disk like shapes like those in RBCs, TMV, and Histones • (3) Cell encapsulation:Creating protective “bubble” to encapsulate cells to release therapeutic substances for humans

  5. 1) What is Colloidal Crystal growth good for? • Colloidal crystals are 3 -D periodic structures formed from small particles suspended in solution • Band gaps can be created within the structure of crystal to create a “circuit” for light to travel through in order to engineer optical computers

  6. 0 min 4min 11 min 25 min 89 min 152min How do you make colloidal crystals? • Crystals can be created by using a suspension of polymers (PNIPAM) • If there is a high volume fraction in suspension there are more crystals

  7. How do you structure colloidal crystals? One method is to use the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. This reaction is used to convert its chemical energy to mechanical energy to order crystal structure. BZ reaction facilitated annealing of colloidal crystals Crystal with Grain Boundaries Single Crystal

  8. The BZ reaction is an oscillating non- equilibrium reaction that produces interesting geometric patterns such as those on animals. Biosa G, Bastianoni S, Rustici MChemical wavesCHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL 12 (13): 3430-3437 APR 14 2006

  9. 2) Why make discotic colloids? • Disk shapes like those found in RBCs , TMV, Histones, and Lipoprotien E4 found in Alzheimers can be replicated to better understand their function RBCs Histones Lipoprotein E4 Tobacco Mosaic Virus

  10. Wax with 1% STADIS-450 • Flow Rate : 4ml/h • Voltage: 2.8 kV Using Electrospray to make uniform droplets Tang, K. Q.; Gomez, A., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 184,500.

  11. How do you make the disks? Step 2 Step 1 Step 3 Step 5 Step 4

  12. What do the disks look like? Uniform wax emulsion Place wax emulsion in freezing temperature to form discs

  13. 3) Why encapsulate a cell? • Encapsulating cells of interest with therapeutic agent with a “bubble-like” semi-permeable membrane • Implant cell capsules into human • Cells release therapeutic substance such as insulin for diabetics.

  14. How do you make encapsulations? • Method: Electrospray • Make “bubbles” of Alginic acid solution with Turgitol (surfactant) then drop into a solution of Calcium Chloride

  15. How do you encapsulate a cell? One method is using Microfluidics Cells are joined together with semi-permeable membrane, “bubble”. Encapsulation of bacteria for screening purposes. Small diameter agarose bead (20µm), with a single bacteria encapsulated into. http://www.nisco.ch/19.htm Soft lithography (G.M. Whitesides, Harvard Univ.)

  16. Experiments to be conducted • 1. Using the Electrospray to create wax discs Why? To replicate form of RBCs and study flow of disk shaped objects • 2. Make Agarose encapsulations and coat using layer by layer coating to form a protective layer around encapsulation Why? Coating is to create optimum mechanical strength that will allow for cell to survive in vivo and at the same time be able to secrete essential hormones needed by body

  17. In summary: • (1) Colloidal Crystal Growth: Making colloidal crystals for optical computers by creating ordered structure through BZ reaction • (2) Discotic colloids:Making colloidal disks via electrospray to study shape and flow of RBCs and Lipoproteins in Alzheimers disease • (3) Cell encapsulation: Encapsulating cells to release therapeutic substances for humans using electrospray and microfluidics

  18. Acknowledgements • Dr. Zhengdong Chengdong • Grad student : Andres Mejia • Undergrad student : Lucas Kinard • NSF

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