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Risk Management

Risk Management. fo r. Drinking-Water Supplies. using. New Zealand Public Health Risk Management Plan Guidelines. Drinking-water quality management. There are two principal components to drinking -water quality management:. Product quality control [QC].

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Risk Management

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  1. Risk Management for Drinking-Water Supplies using New Zealand Public Health Risk Management Plan Guidelines

  2. Drinking-water quality management There are two principal components to drinking-water quality management: • Product quality control [QC] • Monitors compliance with standards • QC tells you something has gone wrong after it had happened • Process quality assurance [QA] • Uses risk management • QA tries to stop something going wrong

  3. Summary of PHRMP process • Make a flow chart of the supply • Identify the supply elements in the supply Risk Assessment • Identify the public health risks for each supply element • Rank the risks according to their magnitude Risk Management • Identify the options [preventive & remedial] for managing each risk • Assess the resources [dollars, staff, expertise,equipment] needed for each option • Decide on the order of priority for managing each risk [use a cost benefit approach] • Develop a programme for managing each risk.

  4. RiskAssessment

  5. Water Supply Flow Chart Dosing Pump NaOCl Tank Distribution Pipework Bore Pump Storage Reservoir Shallow Bore Huia Flats Community

  6. Components of a water supply The four components of a water supply system are: • The catchment Supplies the raw water for the supply • The treatment plant Purifies the raw water to make it safe for drinking • The reticulation [or distribution system] Conveys the drinking-water from the treatment plant to the user’s system • The user’s system May be a complex system of pipes and tanks, or as simple as a water jug.

  7. Barriers to contamination Check the presence of the four barriers to contamination: • Prevention of contamination of the raw water • Removal of particles from the water • Inactivation of any germs in the water • Prevention of recontamination after treatment

  8. Elements of a drinking-water supply The supply elements of a drinking-water supply are considered in four groups: ·               Raw water catchment ·               Treatment plant ·               Distribution ·               Use

  9. Accident Sabotage Particles Illegal Connection Catch- Treat- ment ment Distribution Solutes Animals, birds Chemicals in reservoir Backflow Excrement Microbes Cross-connections

  10. Treatment Plant Elements [1] The treatment plant elements considered are: ·Algicide application ·Destratification ·Pre-oxidation ·Waste-liquor re-introduction ·Conventional coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation ·Dissolved air flotation ·Direct filtration ·Rapid sand filtration ·Slow sand filtration ·Cartridge filtration ·Diatomaceous earth filtration ·Membrane filtration

  11. Treatment Plant Elements [2] ·Chlorine disinfection ·Chlorine dioxide disinfection ·Ozone disinfection ·Ultra-violet irradiation disinfection ·pH adjustment ·Iron and manganese removal ·Softening ·Trace organics removal ·Fluoridation ·Pump operation ·Treatment plant construction and operation

  12. PHRMP Guides [1] A PHRMP Guide is produced for each element of a drinking-water supply. To assist Risk Assessment, for each element the Guide shows: ·   The events which could give rise to public health consequences. In this element ·      How this element is influenced by, or influences, other supply elements. ·     The event linked to this supplyelement that creates the greatest risk to public health; ·    The public health hazard each event may introduce into the water. ·        A rough guide to the level of risk due to each event. ·        Possible causes of each event.

  13. Important concepts (1)

  14. Important concepts (2)

  15. RISK MANAGEMENT

  16. PHRMP Guides [2] To assist Risk Management, For each element the Guide shows: • ·Preventive measures for each cause. • ·Details of checks to decide whether the preventive measures are working. • ·Corrective actions that should be taken should an event happen. • ·The most important measures that can be taken to prevent/ minimise the effects of this event.

  17. PHRMP Guide layout

  18. Developing a Water Safety Plan Risk Management Part 2 (recap) • Decide the order of priority for managing each risk [use a benefit /cost approach] • Decide the order in which to make improvements • Develop a programme for managing the risks. • Prepare an improvement schedule, taking into account the available resource • Define the responsibilities for implementing the plan • Specify a date for reviewing the plan.

  19. Derive WSP for supply from system guides Risk management plan ~improvement schedule

  20. PHRMP Information Sources • How to Prepare and Develop Public Health Risk Management Plans for Drinking-Water Supplies 2001: Ministry of Health, Wellington, New Zealand. or Wickliffe [04] 496 2277 • The Public Health Risk Management Guides [for the various process elements] Ministry of Health Web Site www.MOH.govt.nz\publications\ online publications\July2001 • AS/NZS/ISO 9000 series:, Quality Management Systems – Requirements • AS/NZS 4360:1999, Risk Management • Framework for Management of Drinking-Water Quality: NHMRC/ARMCANZ Coordinating Group, Australia [Planned for mid 2002]

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