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Making polymers from alkenes

Making polymers from alkenes. You should be able to: Know how polymers are formed Understand how to name polymers List some uses of polymers. Plastic fantastic. How many things in the lab are made from plastic? How many things in your home are made from plastic?

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Making polymers from alkenes

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  1. Making polymers from alkenes You should be able to: Know how polymers are formed Understand how to name polymers List some uses of polymers

  2. Plastic fantastic • How many things in the lab are made from plastic? • How many things in your home are made from plastic? • Where does plastic come from?

  3. Products from crude oil • Hydrocarbons from crude oil • Used as fuel • Can be cracked into smaller molecules • Alkanes and alkenes • Chemicals from oil used for plastics

  4. Giant molecules • Plastic – huge molecules made up of lots of tiny alkenes • Monomers (mono means one) • Joining these monomers together • Polymers (poly means many) • Plastic has different properties depending upon which monomer is used

  5. What are the small molecules that make up a polymer called?

  6. Which monomer? • Polymer formed depends on the monomer • Example: Ethene (C2H4) • Smallest unsaturated hydrocarbon • Polymer of ethene = poly(ethene) • More commonly called polythene • Easy to shape, strong, transparent

  7. Which polymer? • Propene (C3H8) • Monomer used to make poly(propene) • Also known as polypropylene • Very strong, tough • Milk crates, rope etc • Make me a polymer…

  8. Is ethene an alkane or an alkene, and which polymer is it used to make? • Which plastic is made from a monomer called propene?

  9. What actually happens? • Reaction to form polymers = polymerisation • Ethene (alkene) has a double bond • Double bond ‘opens up’ • Ethene can then join up with another ‘opened-up’ ethene • Join together in an addition reaction • Addition polymerisation

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  11. Definitions • Hydrocarbon – • Monomer – • Polymer – • Polymerisation –

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