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Manorial Court of Sheffield, York, England 1704

Manorial Court of Sheffield, York, England 1704. Translation and transcription by:. What is a Manor?. A unit of English territorial organization, originally of the nature of a feudal lordship.

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Manorial Court of Sheffield, York, England 1704

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  1. Manorial CourtofSheffield, York, England 1704 Translation and transcription by:

  2. What is a Manor? • A unit of English territorial organization, originally of the nature of a feudal lordship. • Manors. Manors, not villages, were the economic and social units of life in the early Middle Ages. A manor consisted of a manor house, one or more villages, and up to several thousand acres of land divided into meadow, pasture, forest, and cultivated fields. The fields were further divided into strips; 1/3 for the lord of the manor, less for the church, and the remainder for the peasants and serfs. This land was shared out so that each person had an equal share of good and poor. At least half the work week was spent on the land belonging to the lord and the church. Time might also be spent doing maintenance and on special projects such as clearing land, cutting firewood, and building roads and bridges. The rest of the time the villagers were free to work their own land. Sources: Britain Express, and OED Online

  3. History of the English Manor • Imported from Continental Europe • Introduced during Anglo-Saxon Period • Expanded following Norman Conquest • Thrived during the Middle Ages • Lost popularity in High Middle Ages due to increased population, urbanization, plague, and other factors

  4. Medieval Manor House

  5. Ducis Dominus Manorij Liberus Villanus Senescallus Ballivus Duke Lord of the Manor Freeman [i.e. free peasant] Villein [i.e. bound peasant] Steward Bailiff Cast of Characters

  6. Types of Manorial Court Meetings • Court Baron: The assembly of freehold tenants of a manor under the presidency of the lord or his steward. Usually held every THREE WEEKS. • View of Frankpledge: A court held periodically for the production of the members of a tithing, later of a hundred or manor. Held every SIX MONTHS. AKA Court Leet. Sources: OED Online, and Stuart

  7. Structure of Manorial Court Records • Title of the Court • Name of the Lord of the Manor [optional] • Date • Name of steward before whom the court was held • Court proceeding • Closing statement: money brought to the bailiff

  8. Common Terminology & Phrases • Ad hanc curiam = To this court • predictus = beforesaid • ad opus et usum = use and behoof [benefit or advantage] • fecit fidelitatem = made fealty, i.e. made an oath of allegiance to the lord • sursumreddit in manus Domini Manerij = surrendered into the hands of the Lord of the Manor • secundum consuetudinem manerij = according to manorial custom Sources: OED Online, Stuart, and A to Zax

  9. Curia Baronis Sheffeild SS – Curia Baron[is] pr[e]d[icti] Ducis tent[a] ib[ide]m p[er] Man[er]io Suo pr[e]d[icto] sexto die Aprilis Anno D[omi]ni 1704 Coram sen[es]callo pr[e]d[icto] Ad hanc Cur[iam] pr[e]sentat & Comp[ara]tu[it] est q[uo]d ante hoc Scil[ice]t Decimo Octavo die Januarii ult[imo] pr[e]d[icto] p[er] Rob[er]tus Stones de Bradway in Com[itato] Derb[yshire] gen[erosus] extra Cur[ia] Man[er]ij pr[e]d[icti] p[er] manus Joh[ann]is Woodrove gen[erosi] Ric[ard]i Revell gen[erosi] & Henrici Bromhead tr[iu]m[vir] Customar[ia] tentium Man[er]ij pr[e]d[icti] Qui quid[a]m Ric[ard]us Jurat &t [et], sursumreddidit in manus D[o]m[ini] man[er]ij pr[e]d[icti] S[e]c[un]d[u]m Cons[uetudinem] ejusd[e]m Man[er]ij, Revercoem (p[os]t mortem Ethelred[i] Matris i[m]p[ri]m[i]s prd [predicti] Rob[er]ti Stones) totius istius Customari Messuagij sive tenti Co[mmun]it[as] vocat[us] Netherhouse & unius bovat terram Pasler, e[t] quinq[ue] acrar[um] terr[e] Assert … p[er]tin[entia] adinde spectan[s] sive in aliquo modo p[er]tin[entio] scituat iacen[tem] & existen[tem] in Stullwood infra man[er]iu[m] & p[ar]oc[ia]li[m] de Sheffield pr[e]d[ictem] Et Oies [?] & sing[u]los ab [or ad] Customar[ias] Terras & Tenta Que Nic[ola]us Stones avus prd [predictus] Rob[er]ti Stones perquisivit sibi & hered[um] suis imp[ro]pin[quis] de Willo [Wilhelmo] Greaves Juniore, infra maneri[um] prd [predictus], Et Revercoem & Revercoes Reman[ere]in Reman[ere] in eord[e]m[]; ad solum propiu[m] opus & usum Josephi Banks de Sheffield prd [predictus] gen[orosi] heredu[m] & assignator[um] suor[um] imp[er]p[et]uum Et ad null[um] ad usum[?] Intencoes aut pr[o]porta quecunqz [quoecunque] s[e]c[un]d[u]m Cons[uetudinem] ejusd[e]m Man[er]ii Cui quid[a]m Josepho d[omi]nus p[er] sen[es]callu[m] su[u]m prd [predictum] concessit inde se[is]inam h[ab]end[um] sibi hered[em] & assign[atos] suis imperp[etuu]m s[e]c[un]d[u]m Cons[uetudinem] ejusd[e]m man[er]ij Qui Admis[sus] est inde tenens & fecit fid[e]l[i]t[e]m et Dat D[omi]no de fine p[ro] Ingr[ess]u suo Quinqz [Quinque] solid[os] Manibz [Manibus] Balli[v]j Man[er]ij prd [predictus]

  10. Court Baron Sheffeild SS –Court Baron of the beforesaid Duke, held in the same place for [or by] the beforesaid manor itself on the sixth day of April in the Year of our Lord 1704 in the presence of the beforesaid steward [Joseph Bankes]. To this court presents [appears] & appears before [or in front] this namely Eighteenth day of January last before said [year] by Robert Stones of Bradway in the County of Derby, gentleman from outside of the before said Manor Court from hand to hand of John Woodrove, gentleman, Richard Revell, gentleman, & Henry Bromhead, mayor, Customary [Court Baron] held of the beforesaid Manor and the certain Richard Jurat and, he surrendered into the hands of the Lord of the before said manor according to custom of the same manor, Revercoem (after the death of Ethelred Matris the first before said Robert Stones) of the whole of this Customary Messuage or held commonalty [commonly] called Netherhouse & one … Pasler land and five acres of land appurtenances belonging to or in any manner belonging to situated, lying & existing in Stullwood among the manor & parish of the before said Sheffeild and ... & each [or every single one] for the Court Baron lands and held … Nicholas Stones grandfather of the before said Robert Stones purchased for himself & his heirs in the neighborhood of William Greaves Junior, between the before said manor, and Revercoem & Revercoes to remain in and to remain to the own sole use and behoof of the before said Joseph Banks, gentleman, his heirs and assignes in perpetuity and to none to use Intencoes or purports whithersoever according to the custom of the same manor which he, the Lord, by his beforesaid steward grants seisan [possession] to have to him, his heirs and assignees in perpetuity according to the custom of the same manor who was admitted tenant and did fealty and gives to the Lord the fine for his entry, five solidos [shillings], into the hands of the before said bailiff of the manor.

  11. Secretary Hand:Manor Court, 1704

  12. Sheffeild [misspelling of Sheffield, city in Yorkshire, England, West Riding District], noun, undeclined is or ss? Curia, noun, nominative case, feminine, singular Baron[is], noun, genitive case, masculine, singular pr[e]d[icti], present passive participle, genitive case, masculine, singular, modifying baronis Ducis, noun, genitive case, masculine, singular tent[a], perfect passive participle, nominative case, feminine, singular ib[ide]m, adverb p[er], preposition man[er]io, noun, ablative case, object of the preposition per, singular, masculine suo, adjective, ablative case, modifying manerio, singular, masculine, second declension pr[e]d[icto], present passive participle, ablative case, masculine, singular, modifying the word manerio sexto, adjective, ordinal number, genitive case, clarifies die die, noun, ablative case, feminine, singular, fifth declension Aprilis, noun, genitive case, masculine, singular, third declension Anno, noun, ablative case, masculine, singular, second declension D[o]m[ini], noun, genitive case, masculine, singular, second declension 1704, noun, cardinal number Coram, preposition and adverb Sen[es]callo, noun, ablative case, masculine, singular, second declension pr[e]d[icto], present passive participle, ablative case, masculine, singular, modifying the word senescallo Ad, preposition hanc, relative pronoun Cur[iam], noun, accusative case, object of the preposition ad, singular, feminine pr[e]sentat, verb, perfect, active, indicative, third person, singular, transitive &, abbreviation for the copulative conjunction signifying the word and Comp[ara]tu[it], verb, perfect, active, indicate, third person, singular, transitive

  13. Bibliography • Britain Express and David Ross. English History; Internet; available at: http://www.britainexpress.com/History/Feudalism_and_Medieval_life.htm. • Edlund, Thomas K. Legal Latin of the High Middle Ages. (Los Angeles, University of California, 1999) • Evans, Barbara J. A To Zax. (Alexandria, Va.: Hearthside Press, 1995). • Humphery~Smith, Cecil. The Phillimore ATLAS and INDEX of Parish Registers, 2nd ed. (Chichester: Phillimore & Co. Ltd., 1999). • Martin, Charles Trice. The Record Interpreter. 2nd ed. (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1997). • Oxford University Press. Oxford English Dictionary Online; Internet; available at: http://www.lib.byu.edu/hbll/ to BYU students. • Smith, Frank. The Lives and Times of Our English Ancestors, Volume I. (Logan, UT: The Everton Publishers, 1969). • Stuart, Denis. Latin For Local and Family Historians. (Chichester: Phillimore & Co. Ltd., 1995). • __________. Manorial Court Records: An Introduction to their Transcription and Translation. (Chichester: Phillimore & Co. Ltd., 1992).

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