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Controlled and delayed release Nitrogen fertilizer trials

Controlled and delayed release Nitrogen fertilizer trials. Matt Ruark, Dept. Soil Sci. Nav Ghimire , UWEX Green Lake County Joe Lauer, Dept. Agronomy. Thierno Diallo , Dept. Agronomy. Nitrogen fertilizers. Controlled-release Polymer-coated ESN® (Agrium)

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Controlled and delayed release Nitrogen fertilizer trials

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  1. Controlled and delayed release Nitrogen fertilizer trials Matt Ruark, Dept. Soil Sci. NavGhimire, UWEX Green Lake County Joe Lauer, Dept. Agronomy. ThiernoDiallo, Dept. Agronomy.

  2. Nitrogen fertilizers Controlled-release • Polymer-coated • ESN® (Agrium) • The polymer coating expands with heat, allowing water in to dissolve the urea. The soluble N then diffuses out of the porous coating.

  3. Nitrogen fertilizer Delayed release • Contains a chemical that stops part of the N cycle • Urease inhibitors • Inhibits conversion of urea to ammonia • NBPT • Agrotain • Nitrification inhibitors • Inhibits conversion of ammonium to nitrate • DCD • SuperU (contains both NBPT and DCD, impregnated into the urea granule)

  4. question • Is there a reliable benefit to using PCU, urease inhibitors, or nitrification inhibitors in Wisconsin? • These products come at a premium so there needs to be an economic benefit when using them. • Greater yield at the same rate of N • Same yield with lower rate of N

  5. N fertilizer trials in Wisconsin • Arlington, WI • SuperU, ESN, and ammonium nitrate (AN) on corn • Green Lake, WI • SuperU, Agrotain, ESN, and urea on no-till corn

  6. 2009-2012 Trials • Part of long-term rotation and tillage study at Arlington, WI • Rotation • Corn following corn • Corn following soybean • Tillage • Chisel plow • No-till • N applied at planting at a rate of 180 lb/ac

  7. Chisel Plow systems

  8. No-till systems

  9. 2012 and 2013 Trials • Location: Green Lake County • Two fields per farm • Corn following corn (no-till) • Corn following soybean (no-till)

  10. Approach • Fertilizers • Urea • Agrotain • SuperU • ESN • Rate • “recommended” vs. 20% reduction • CC: 170 vs 135 • CS: 150 vs 120 • Controls (unreplicated) of 0 and 200 lb/ac N

  11. economics • Assuming… • Urea is $550/ton (~$0.60/lb-N) • ESN is $750/ton (~$0.82/lb-N) • If N application is 150 lb-N/ac and • if corn is $4/bu, then need 8 bu/ac gain • If corn is $5/bu, then need 6-7 bu/ac gain

  12. 2012 corn-corn135 vs. 170 lb-N/ac

  13. 2013 corn-corn135 vs. 170 lb/ac

  14. 2013 corn-soybean120 vs. 150 lb-N/ac

  15. Results • These data show that yield gains when applying optimum N rates are not often nor consistently observed. • The rainfall patterns of the season will create the situation where the product is valuable or not (i.e. early season intense rains). • These products were applied at planting. Perhaps greater value if applied 2-3 weeks prior to planting (i.e. more time to protect). • The products work, but need to be tested on your fields to find the benefit, mostly likely coming from reduced N rates.

  16. Where is the value?

  17. Questions?Comments?Concerns?

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