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Csikszentmihalyi & Flow

Csikszentmihalyi & Flow. Freshmen Seminar Lecture Fall, 2006 Robert Keefer. Origins. Beyond Boredom & Anxiety , 1975 Title is a reaction to Beyond Freedom & Dignity , B. F. Skinner, 1971 Lays out basis for most of M. C.’s work

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Csikszentmihalyi & Flow

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  1. Csikszentmihalyi & Flow Freshmen Seminar Lecture Fall, 2006 Robert Keefer

  2. Origins • Beyond Boredom & Anxiety, 1975 • Title is a reaction to Beyond Freedom & Dignity, B. F. Skinner, 1971 • Lays out basis for most of M. C.’s work • “It is not so much what people do but how they perceive and interpret what they are doing that makes the activity enjoyable.” (p. x)

  3. Autotelic Activities • From the Greek: • Auto = self • Telos = goal, purpose • Activities that require formal and extensive energy output from the actor, yet provide few if any conventional rewards

  4. Autotelic Activities • Chess • Rock climbing • Rock dancing • Surgery • Everyday life

  5. Autotelic Activities: Structure • Friendship & Relaxation • Risk & Chance • Problem Solving • Competition • Creative

  6. Elements of the Flow Experience • Merging of action and awareness • Centering of attention on a limited stimulus field (concentration) • “Loss of Ego” , “self-forgetfulness”, “fusion with the world” • Totally in control of actions and environment • Coherent, non-contradictory demands for action; clear, unambiguous feedback • Autotelic; no external goals or rewards

  7. Illustration of theFlow Experience • Balance of: • Action opportunities (challenges) • Action capabilities (skills)

  8. Autotelic (Flow Producing) Activities • Chess • Rock climbing • Rock dancing • Surgery • Everyday life

  9. Everyday activities: Microflow • Social • Shopping, joking, eating, parties, sex • Kinesthetic • Walking, touching, rubbing, fiddling, sports • Imagining • Daydreaming, internal music, talking to self • Attending • People, TV, radio, books • Oral • Snacks, smoking, chewing • Creative • Art, playing music, working, writing a letter, doodling

  10. The Effects of Flow Deprivation (?) • Physical states • Self-perception • Cognitive performance • Self-reported changes

  11. The Politics of Enjoyment • A reassessment of the dichotomy between ‘work’ and ‘play’ • Rather than opposites, consider how one might restructured to be the other • The function of playful behavior • The purpose, importance and place of play brought into the domain of a normal, fulfilled life

  12. Csikszentmihalyi quote: • “It is not so much what people do but how they perceive and interpret what they are doing that makes the activity enjoyable.” (p. x)

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