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Mondholte Keelholte Slokdarm

Vertering koolhydraten. Polysachariden. Disachariden. (sucrose, lactose). (zetmeel, glycogeen). Mondholte Keelholte Slokdarm. Speekselamylase. Kleinere polysachariden, maltose. Maag. Polysachariden. Lumen van Dunne darm. Alvleesklieramylasen. Maltose and andere

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Mondholte Keelholte Slokdarm

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  1. Vertering koolhydraten Polysachariden Disachariden (sucrose, lactose) (zetmeel, glycogeen) Mondholte Keelholte Slokdarm Speekselamylase Kleinere polysachariden,maltose Maag Polysachariden Lumen van Dunne darm Alvleesklieramylasen Maltose and andere Disachariden (lactose, sacharose) Disacharidasen Epitheel van dunne darm (darmvlok- ken) Monosacchariden (glucose, fructose, galactose)

  2. Eiwitvertering Proteïnen Pro-enzymen: trypsinogeen, chymotrypsinogeen, procarboxypeptidase Pepsine Maag Kleine polypeptiden Polypeptiden Pancreas trypsine enchymotrypsine Lumen van dunne darm Kleinerepolypeptiden Pancreas carboxypeptidase Aminozuren Kleine peptiden Epitheel dunne darm (darm- vlokken) Dipeptidasen, carboxypeptidase,en aminopeptidase Aminozuren

  3. De plek verschilt 2HN-C-C-N---C-N---C-N---C-N-C-C-OH O O O H H R R Pepsine, trypsine, chymotrypsine Carboxypeptidase Aminopeptidase 34 - = peptidebinding

  4. Vertering nucleïnezuren Nucleotide fosfaat-suiker DNA, RNA Pancreasnucleasen Lumen van dunne darm base Nucleotiden Nucleoside suiker Nucleotidasen Nucleosiden Epitheliumvan dunne darm (darm- vlokken) Nucleosidasenenfosfatasen base Nitrogene basen, suikers en fosfaten 35

  5. Vetvertering Vetbolletjes Galzouten emulgeren Lumen van dunne darm Vetdruppeltjes verteren Pancreas lipase Glycerol, vetzuren, monoglyceriden Gal gemaakt in lever en opgeslagen in galblaas Gemaakt van rode bloedcellen 36

  6. Carbohydrate digestion Protein digestion Nucleic acid digestion Fat digestion Oral cavity,pharynx,esophagus Disaccharides Polysaccharides (starch, glycogen) (sucrose, lactose) Speeksel amylase Smaller polysaccharides,maltose Stomach Proteins Pepsine Fig. 41-13 Small polypeptides Lumen ofsmall intes-tine DNA, RNA Fat globules Polypeptides Polysaccharides Pancreas amylase Pancreatic trypsin andchymotrypsin Pancreatic nucleases Bile salts Maltose and otherdisaccharides Fat droplets Nucleotides Smallerpolypeptides Pancreatic lipase Pancreatic carboxypeptidase Glycerol, fattyacids, monoglycerides Amino acids Epitheliumof smallintestine(brushborder) Small peptides Nucleotidases Nucleosides Disaccharidases Dipeptidases, carboxypeptidase,and aminopeptidase Nucleosidasesandphosphatases Nitrogenous bases,sugars, phosphates Monosaccharides Amino acids 37

  7. Hormonen Lever Galblaas Gal Stomach Secretineand CCK – Fig. 41-14 Gastrine + CCK + Pancreas Duodenum of12-V. darm Secretine + Key StimulatieInhibitie CCK + CCK= CholeCystoKinine + – 38

  8. Verteringshormonen

  9. De dunne darm • Jejunum = nuchtere darm Ileum = kronkeldarm • 12-vingerige darm, nuchtere darm en kronkeldarm vormen samen de dunne darm. • Aan het eind van de dunne darm zit een kringspier, waardoor de voedselbrij niet terug kan stromen. • In de dunne darm wordt de vertering afgemaakt en worden de voedingsstoffen opgenomen. 40

  10. poortader naar de lever Fig. 41-15a Spierlaag Darm plooien Villi = darmvlokken Legenda Voedselabsorptie 41 Darmwand

  11. Microvilli aan het darmepitheel Lumen Bloedvaten(haarvaten) Fig. 41-15b Epitheelcellen Basale oppervlak Epitheel cellen lymfevat lymfevat Villi Legenda Voedselabsorptie 42

  12. Resorptie (ook absorptie genoemd) • Fructose passief door gefaciliteerde diffusie • Aminozuren, kleine peptiden, vitaminen en de meeste glucosemoleculen actief m.b.v. pomp • Aminozuren: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g2-ONqzyPF8&NR=1 • Monosacchariden: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWZsmP8vl70&NR=1 • Vet: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aAyIRFXzVHk&NR=1 • Symport, antiport, secondair actief transport: http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter5/ • De meeste vetten volgen een andere weg, via de lymfe. 43

  13. http://www.bioplek.org/animaties/spijsvertering/vetvertering.htmlhttp://www.bioplek.org/animaties/spijsvertering/vetvertering.html http://www.bioplek.org/animaties/mens_overigen/lever.html#Scene_11

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