CEN/TC278 WG16 DT2 PT1601

1. CEN/TC278 WG16 DT2PT1601 Deployment issues of cooperative ITS (C-ITS): Current situation and next steps in standardization and procurement C-ITS deployment issues

2. Content ITS and C-ITS standardization EC mandate M/453 and EU/US joint approach Research activities Industry Standards Releases PT1601 work and technical facts Conclusions on deployment C-ITS deployment issues

3. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) is the name of the Technical Committee TC204 at ISO, founded in 1992. TC204 has 13 active working groups: WG1: Architecture WG3: ITS data base technology WG4: Automatic vehicle and equipment identification WG5: Fee and toll collection WG7: General fleet and freight management WG8: Public transport / emergency WG9: Integrated transport information, management and control WG10: Traveler information systems C-ITS deployment issues

4. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) WG11: Route guidance and navigation systems WG14: Vehicle / roadway warning and control systems WG16: Wide area communications / protocols and interfaces WG17: Nomadic devices WG18: Cooperative systems Several working groups work jointly together with WGs from CEN TC278. TC204 is in the process of being re-structured ISO TC204 is THE global leading advocate for standards on technologies improving safety, security, efficiency and comfort of the world's transportation system C-ITS deployment issues

5. Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems Cooperative ITS (C-ITS) is a subset of ITS in which information is communicated and shared between ITS station applications to facilitate actions and decisions that improve ITS safety, sustainability, efficiency and comfort beyond that achievable by stand-alone systems. C-ITS deployment issues

6. Other SDOs ETSI TC ITS, founded December 2007 upon an initiative of members of ISO TC204 WG16, is focused on a slice of C-ITS promoted by the Car-to-Car Communications Consortium, i.e. on car-centric communications and applications for road safety and traffic efficiency. IEEE 1609 working group is working on usage of 802.11(p) in vehicular environment (US DSRC, WAVE). This is a sub-set of C-ITS with a similar target as ETSI TC ITS. SAE is specifying message sets (BSM) for US DSRC. C-ITS deployment issues

7. Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems C-ITS is the technical topic of mandate M/453 "Standardization mandate addressed to CEN, CENELEC AND ETSI in the field of information and communication technologies to support interoperability of co-operative systems for intelligent transport in the European community" of the European Commission EU (EC DG INFSO) / US (DOT/RITA) task force on harmonization in standardisation(results of harmonization task groups 1 and 3) C-ITS deployment issues

8. Research activities - Technologies Some examples of EU projects on basic technologies: CVIS and COOPERS implemented and validated first versions of ITS standards from ISO TC204 WG16 (CALM). ITSSv6 works on IPv6 in the ITS station SAFESPOT worked on vehicular networks for road safety GeoNet worked on geo-dissemination of information in C-ITS. C-ITS deployment issues

9. Research activities - Support Supporting EU projects: COMeSafety is in support of European Community wide implementation and deployment of C-ITS, effective EU-US and international cooperation, and deployment preparation. iCarSupport sets out to convince the public at large that ITS technologies and applications are an investment for Europe’s future eCoMoveworks on cooperative mobility systems and services for energy efficiency C-ITS deployment issues

10. Research activities - Framework Further EU projects: FRAME is to provide a minimum stable framework architecturenecessary for the deployment of integrated and inter-operable ITS within the European Union. FOTsis is a large scale field testing of the road infrastructure management systems needed for the operation of close-to-market cooperative I2V, V2I & I2I technologies. C-ITS deployment issues

11. Industry initiatives towards harmonization Six major infrastructure suppliers announced their joint work towards a common set of standards for Cooperative Mobility services. European vehicle manufacturers announced a Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperative ITS (C-ITS). However these two big groups have very different basic requirements. Harmonization between these groups is a pre-requisite for successful procurement. C-ITS deployment issues

12. Standards release 1 for C-ITS The definition of a Release 1 for C-ITS at CEN, ETSI and ISO started. Release 1 aims on identifying a set of standards which "fit together" allowing development of conformant implementations by selection of those standards required for a specific conformance profile. However ETSI is solely working on an ETSI Release 1, ignoring standards from CEN and ISO. Comparing the current "official" ETSI proposal and a proposal made by CEN/ISO experts, almost no overlap is given. C-ITS deployment issues

13. "Core standards" for C-ITS ISO 21217 Communications architecture TS 17419/23 Application management (PT1601) ISO 24102-x Station management (local, remote, SAPs, IICP, FSAP, path & flow) ISO 21218 Access technology support ISO 21215 5,9 GHz communications ISO 21213 ... Cellular networks ISO 29281 FNTP (non-IP communication) ISO 21210 ... IPv6 communications ISO 16788 ... Security see also the complete CEN/ISO proposal for Release 1! C-ITS deployment issues

14. Link applications to communications in a global context PT1601 is drafting two CEN/ISO Technical Specifications: • TS 17419 "Co-operative systems — Classification and management of ITS applications in a global context“ • TS 17423 "Co-operative systems - ITS application requirements for selection of communication profiles" related to C-ITS management (system enabler!) which will be upgraded to EN/ISO standards. PT1601's scope includes International Harmonization and recommendations to the EC (on required registries and infrastructure services). Contact us: PT1601@its-standards.info C-ITS deployment issues

15. ITS-S reference architecture (ISO 21217) The ITS-S is defined as a Bounded Secured Managed Domain. There are many other stations used in ITS already today, which are not following the principles of BSMD. Nevertheless communications between ITS-SUs = BSMEs and other ITS station units has to be possible. C-ITS deployment issues

16. Communications and applications in C-ITS • Communications standards are already well developed and available. • Application and message set standards are in the process of being developed. • Essential (management) functionality of an ITS-SU, which goes beyond the functionality of existing systems, is identified but not yet fully standardized. Globally unique identifiers are in the process of being identified, and will be subject of registration. • "Simple" implementations (more or less silo-based) with restricted functionality are possible based on existing C-ITS standards, however the aspect of "trust" is not yet sufficiently supported in standards and in the infrastructure (PKI). C-ITS deployment issues

17. Comm. profile selection (TS 17423) In an ITS-SU, applications do not need to know about available communications tools. Applications only present functional requirements. C-ITS deployment issues

18. ITS-AID registry (TS 17419)functional description ITS-AID: ITS application ID  registry ITS-AOOID: ITS Application Object Owner ID (designer)  registry C-ITS deployment issues

19. ITS-S application process (TS 17419) functional description ITS-APDID: ITS application process developer ID  registry C-ITS deployment issues

20. Conformance and interoperability testing ISO and CEN selected ETSI to develop test suites and test platforms. For a number of communication standards from ISO and ETSI, and for message set based applications from ETSI test suites already exist. STF 455 funded by the EC under mandate M/453 currently is extending the C-ITS test platform at ETSI to include the test suites for ISO base standards of communication protocols. Such a test platform is a prerequisite for conformance testing and certification of equipment. A demonstration is planned for the ITS world congress in Japan in autumn 2013. This test platform will be available from 2014 on for plug-tests. Please provide your implementation of FNTP, FSAP, IICP and ISO 21218 asapto STF 455! Contact us: tp@its-testing.org C-ITS deployment issues

21. Procurement of C-ITS equipmentConclusions • In a first procurement phase (in about three to five years from now) the following C-ITS scenario is feasible: • Single-hop roadside to vehicle communications using FSAP over FNTP and 5,9 GHz. Short sessions similar to EFC sessionsand local information dissemination (e.g. SPAT at intersections) • Single-hop vehicle-to-vehicle communications using BSM / CAM / DENM over FNTP and 5,9 GHz. • Vehicle-to-infrastructure communication (and vice versa) using IPv6 over cellular technology. • Ordinary hot-spot communications with non-moving stations. • Local dynamic map (LDM) usage. C-ITS deployment issues

22. Procurement of C-ITS equipmentConclusions Geo-dissemination of information to remote destinations will be efficiently reliable with IPv6 over cellular technology once the cellular networks are prepared for this. Geo-dissemination of information over narrowband channels such as those at 5,9 GHz (GeoNetworking) with multiple hops is very unlikely to be possible due to restrictions imposed by the communication channel. C-ITS deployment issues

23. Procurement of C-ITS equipmentConclusions • C-ITS will use several different communication technologies, including • ad-hoc (single-hop) communications (5,9 GHz, 63 GHz, ...) • cellular networks (LTE, ...) • Internet (IPv6) • The C-ITS architecture has the capability to finally cover all application areas with mobility requirements (moving stations – wireless communications). • There is one world and only one C-ITS! C-ITS deployment issues

24. Terminology API Application Programming Interface BSM Basic Safety Message (SAE J2735) BSMD Bounded Secured Managed Domain (functional view) BSME Bounded Secured Managed Entity (physical unit, implementation of a BSMD) C-ITS Cooperative ITS CAM Cooperative Awareness Message (ETSI EN 302 637-2) DENM Decentralized Environmental Notification Message (ETSI EN 302 637-3) DOT Department of Transport EFC Electronic Fee Collection FSAP Fast Service Advertisement Protocol (ISO 24102-5) FNTP Fast Networking & Transport layer Protocol (ISO 29281-1) IICP ITS station-Internal management Communications Protocol (ISO 24102-4) ITS Intelligent Transport Systems ITS-AID ITS Application Identifier ITS-S ITS Station (functional view) ITS-SU ITS Station Unit (physical unit, implementation of an ITS-S) LDM Local Dynamic Map PKI Public Key Infrastructure PT Project Team (expert team at CEN) SAE Society of Automotive Engineers (in USA) SAP Service Access Point SPAT Signal Phase And Time message STF Specialist Task Force (expert team at ETSI) WAVE Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (IEEE set of standards) C-ITS deployment issues

25. C-ITS web sites General: http://its-standards.info http://its-standards.info/Feeds/cits.rss ISO related: http://calm.its-standards.info http://coopsys.its-standards.info CEN related: http://pt1601.its-standards.info ETSI related: http://stf455.its-testing.org C-ITS deployment issues

26. Members of PT1601 ESF GmbH Hans-Joachim Fischer Fichtenweg 9 D-89143 Blaubeuren Germany HJFischer@fischer-tech.eu http://www.fischer-tech.eu phone: +49 7344 175 340 fax: +49 7344 919 123 LECIT Consulting SrL Fausto Caneschi Via Santa Maria 25 56126 Pisa Italy fausto.caneschi@lecitconsulting.it http://www.lecitconsulting.it phone: +39 335 7122 730 SRA, Inc. Richard Roy 3351 Shady Spring Ln Mountain View, CA 94040-4582 dickroy@alum.mit.edu USA phone: +1 650 861 3351 C-ITS deployment issues