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Mobile Populations: HIV/AIDS in Central America, Mexico, and the US

INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD P Ú BLICA. Mobile Populations: HIV/AIDS in Central America, Mexico, and the US. Migration and AIDS: STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION. Guatemala City, 2004. PH ASE I Basic Diagnosis. PH ASE II Interven tio n. METHODOLOGY. STUDY DESIGN. January-February 2001.

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Mobile Populations: HIV/AIDS in Central America, Mexico, and the US

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  1. INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD PÚBLICA Mobile Populations: HIV/AIDS in Central America, Mexico, and the US Migration and AIDS: STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION Guatemala City, 2004

  2. PHASE I Basic Diagnosis PHASE II Intervention METHODOLOGY STUDY DESIGN January-February 2001 Design: Aug. 2002 - July 2003 Implementation: May 2004 Accompaniment: Aug. 2002 - Sept. 2004 PHASE IIIEvaluation

  3. MOBILE POPULATIONS AND HIV/AIDS PROJECT ELEVEN TRANSIT STATIONS: Tecún Umán, Guatemala - Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico QUANTITATIVE METHODS • Population Survey QUALITATIVE METHODS • Ethnographic Study • In-depth Interviews • Key Actors and Common Actors • Sex Workers • Mobile Population

  4. OBJECTIVE: Analizing the social rejection of illegal migrants associated with HIV/AIDS

  5. Dynamics of the Population Movement Across Borders Mexico-Guatemala MEXICO/ USA MEXICO/ u PLANTATIONS Migration Migration Chiapas Chiapas Posts Detention CD. HIDALGO CD. HIDALGO TALISMAN TALISMﾁN Fast transit Paso r疳ido § § Caminos de Shortcuts Poca interacción Little interaction § § Extravío Deportation DEPORTACIﾓN Destination TSC Destino TSC § § Attacks, violence Persecución Persecution § § Voluntary return Illegal Crossing R I O S U C H I A T E S U C H I A T E RIVER INTERNATIONAL BRIDGE PUENTE INTERNACIONAL Paso Documentado TECUN UMAN TECﾚN UMﾁN EL CARMEN Stay Estancia EL CARMEN § § Interaction Interacción de § § “Dumping Site” of Vertedero Return migration Destination TSC Destino TSC indocumentados § § Migrants without documents Polleros “Polleros” § § Contratistas Contractors § § GUATEMALA GUATEMALA First Time Migration Migrant agricultural workers Returno of Migrants Migrants CENTRAL AMERICA OTHER COUNTRIES - - - - - - - - - - - Source: Leyva R, Dreser A, Bronfman M. Diseño propio, 2001.

  6. Means of Mobilization at the Southern Border

  7. Information on HIV/AIDS Transmission and Prevention % Source: Population Survey Migración y SIDA, 2001.

  8. %

  9. Attitudes of Rejection of PVS by the Population % Fuente: Encuesta Poblacional Migración y SIDA, 2001.

  10. Migrants: Insecurity and Violation of Human Rights

  11. “Comes from abroad” Social Representation of AIDS Transmission Associated with the Mobility between Mexico and Guatemala AIDS HIV/ AIDS I N F O R M A T I O N “POTENTIAL TRANSMITTER” Migrants Local population Expressions of rejection Sex Workers Truck Drivers Homosex Dissemination of AIDS Soldiers Resistance to interact with PVVS Source: Leyva R, Infante C. 2002

  12. Action Sphere of Local Organizations Tecún Umán Ciudad Hidalgo Ciudad Hidalgo Health Salud Migration Migración VIH/SIDA HIV/AIDS TS TS H Rights DDHH Health Salud Migration Migración VIH/SIDA HIV/AIDS TS TS DDHH H Rights Casa del Migrante Municipal Health Dept. Casa de la Mujer Health Center Grupo Beta Sur (INM) Clínica Parroquial Health Center UMF/ IMSS IGSS Municipal City Hall Tapachula Tapachula Human Rights Office Migration Office Casa del Migrante Human Rights State Commission Ministry of Labor Office COFAT Mexican Consulate Municipal City Hall Mano Amiga Communication Media HIV/AIDS Program Union Tricicleros Fray Matías de Córdoba

  13. PHASE II INTERVENTION DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY BETWEEN BORDERS • Binational Action • Local Action

  14. Strategy between Borders: Local and Binational Action

  15. Inter-Institutional Work with Specific Groups

  16. Community Response

  17. Immediate Results • The topic of HIV/AIDS and population mobility has been made visible to local organizations. • It has been recognized that mobile groups (illegal migrants) are vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. • Network between borders for health actions. • Links with regional processes and projects.

  18. PERSPECTIVE • Strengthening technical capacity for response • Binational cooperation for sustainability • Developing new binational proposals • Establishing links with other regional projects • Incorporating strategies into the PNS • Mobilization of financial resources

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