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TIME SENSITIVE NETWORKING

Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a set of IEEE 802 Ethernet sub-standards that are defined by the IEEE TSN task group. TSN achieves determinism over Ethernet by using time synchronization and a schedule which is shared between network components.

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TIME SENSITIVE NETWORKING

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  1. TIME SENSITIVE TIME SENSITIVE NETWORKING NETWORKING -by Sage Automation

  2. Meaning TSN is a standard technology to provide deterministic messaging on standard Ethernet. TSN technology is centrally managed and delivers guarantees of delivery and minimized jitter using time scheduling for those real-time applications that require determinism.

  3. TSN: TSN is an Ethernet standard, not an Internet Protocol standard. The forwarding decisions made by the TSN bridges use the Ethernet header contents, not the IP address. The payloads of the Ethernet frames can be anything and are not limited to Internet Protocol. This means that TSN can be used in any environment and can carry the payload of any industrial application. TSN was developed to enable deterministic communication on standard Ethernet. The market for deterministic communication is using nonstandard technologies or nonstandard Ethernet.

  4. TSN COMPONENTS: TSN flow: Term used to describe the time-critical communication between end devices. Each flow has strict time requirements that the networking devices honor. Each TSN flow is uniquely identified by the network devices. End devices: These are the source and destinations of the TSN flows. The end devices are running an application that requires deterministic communication. These are also referred to as talkers and listeners. Bridges: Also referred as Ethernet switches. For TSN, these are special bridges capable of transmitting the Ethernet frames of a TSN flow on a schedule and receiving Ethernet frames of a TSN flow according to a schedule. ● ● ●

  5. Central network controller (CNC): For TSN, the CNC acts as a proxy for the Network (the TSN Bridges and their interconnections) and the control applications that require deterministic communication. ● The CNC defines the schedule on which all TSN frames are transmitted. The CNC application is provided by the vendor of the TSN bridges. Cisco has developed a CNC application for controlling its TSN bridges for TSN. Centralized user configuration (CUC): An application that communicates with the CNC and the end devices. The CUC represents the control applications and the end devices. The CUC makes requests to the CNC for deterministic communication (TSN flows) with specific requirements for those flows. The CUC is an application that is vendor specific. Typically the vendor of the TSN end devices will supply a CUC for those end devices. ●

  6. WHY TSN? In most cases, traditional Ethernet networks involving automated sectors such as manufacturing are based on the hierarchical automation pyramid which separates information technology (IT) from operational technology (OT). IT includes classic office communication with typical end devices such as printers and personal computers. IT is made up of systems, machines and software used for process control and automation. The two areas are fundamentally different in how they communicate, with IT dependent on bandwidth and OT focused on high availability. Data traffic at the IT level is therefore often classified as non-critical while data traffic is designated (time-) critical at the OT level. As a result, each level uses a particular communication standard.

  7. REAL TIME COMMUNICATION: Guarantees regarding cycle times and fluctuations in cycle times are prerequisite for a range of application fields in automation, including, for example, drive, control-, and conveyor technology. The data transfer times demanded in these application fields are significantly less than 1 ms. In addition to these applications requiring “hard” real-time capability, other applications such as process automation implement “soft” real-time capability with longer cycle times. Nevertheless, guaranteed latencies are required for these applications as well.

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