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Wilm’s tumor (nephroblastoma) | DIBS by Nextillo

Pediatric kidney cancer is presented as a painless abdominal mass. Key risk factors include genetic syndromes and family history. Diagnosis is confirmed via ultrasound and CT scan, with treatment involving surgery and chemotherapy.<br><br>Explore more NEET PG and FMGE Exam topics at Nextillo!

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Wilm’s tumor (nephroblastoma) | DIBS by Nextillo

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  1. NEXTILLO_ #DIBS BY NEXTILLO WILM’S TUMOR (NEPHROBLASTOMA) DAILY INFORMATION BULLETIN SERVICE NEXTILLO.COM

  2. #DIBSBYNEXTILLO DAILY INFORMATION BULLETIN SERVICE WILM’S TUMOR (NEPHROBLASTOMA) Wilms tumor is a childhood kidney cancer that originates from immature kidney cells. It is the most common renal tumor in children. Variants: • Classic Wilms tumor: Dominant form with characteristic triphasic histology. • Anaplastic Wilms tum or: More aggressive, with higher risk features. • Diffuse anaplasia: Subset with unfavorable prognosis. NEXTILLO.COM

  3. CLINICAL IMPRESSION Coronal and sagittal section of CT demonstrate a large, heterogeneous mass arising from the right kidney. A smallpart of functioning right kidney is seen to enhance. NEXTILLO.COM

  4. RISK FACTORS Usually affects children aged 3 to 4 years. Abdominal mass is a common presentation. Hypertension may occur due to renin secretion by the tumor. Fever, hematuria, and abdominal pain are possible symptoms. Triad of Intra abdominal mass, Fever, Microscopic hematuria. NEXTILLO.COM

  5. INVESTIGATIONS • Imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI) for tumor localization and staging. • Histological examination of biopsy for definitive diagnosis. • Blood tests: Renal function, complete blood count. Routes of Spread • Local invasion into surrounding structures. • Lymphatic spread to regional lymph nodes. • Hematogenous spread to lungs and liver. NEXTILLO.COM

  6. STAGING • Stage I: Tumor limited to the kidney, completely excised. • Stage II: Tumor extends beyond the kidney, completely excised. • Stage III: Residual tumor remains after surgery or tumor involves nearby structures. • Stage IV: Hematogenous metastasis (e.g., lungs, liver). • Stage V: Bilateral renal involvement at diagnosis. NEXTILLO.COM

  7. MANAGEMENT Nephrectomy: Surgical removal of the affected kidney is the primary treatment. Neoadjuvant Therapy: Administered before surgery to shrink the tumor. Adjuvant Therapy: Given after surgery to target any remaining cancer cells. Radiation Therapy: Used in certain cases, particularly for anaplastic Wilms tumor or when there is incomplete surgical removal. NEXTILLO.COM

  8. WILM’S TUMOR (NEPHROBLASTOMA) Question: Which histological variant of Wilms tumor is associated with a more aggressive behavior? A) Classic Wilms tumor B) Anaplastic Wilms tumor C) Diffuse anaplasia D) Clear cell Wilms tumor Ans: C) Diffuse anaplasia NEXTILLO.COM

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