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CS 1550: Introduction to Operating Systems

Chapter 1. 2. CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu. Course motivation and goals. Programming computer hardware directly is difficultOperating systems provide a layer between applications and computer hardware:abstract computer hardware detailspromote portabilityenable efficient and safe shared use of hardware r

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CS 1550: Introduction to Operating Systems

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    1. Chapter 1 CS 1550: Introduction to Operating Systems Prof. José Carlos Brustoloni jcb@cs.pitt.edu http://www.cs.pitt.edu/~jcb/

    2. Chapter 1 2 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Course motivation and goals Programming computer hardware directly is difficult Operating systems provide a layer between applications and computer hardware: abstract computer hardware details promote portability enable efficient and safe shared use of hardware resources Understanding operating system concepts is essential to many advanced programming tasks In this course, students will gain familiarity and hands-on experience with the main components of modern operating systems

    3. Chapter 1 3 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Class outline Overview Processes and threads Scheduling Synchronization and deadlock Memory management and protection Inter-process communication File systems Security

    4. Chapter 1 4 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Textbooks and course material Andrew S. Tanenbaum. “Modern Operating Systems,” 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, 2001. Slides, assignments, and other course materials will be available at http://www.cs.pitt.edu/courses/1550/ You should check the course’s Web site frequently for announcements

    5. Chapter 1 5 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Schedule Class: SENSQ 5129 – T H 1:00 p.m. – 2:15 p.m. Instructor: José Brustoloni Recitations: SENSQ 5502 – F 10:00 – 10:50 a.m. or F 11:00 – 11:50 a.m. TA: Matt Craven Attendance is mandatory

    6. Chapter 1 6 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Personnel and office hours Instructor: Prof. José Carlos Brustoloni (jcb@cs.pitt.edu) Office hours: SENSQ 6111 – T 2:15 – 4:30 p.m. and H 2:15 – 4:00 p.m. Recitations: Matt Craven (mcraven@cs.pitt.edu Office hours: SENSQ 6059 – MWF 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. Grader: Qinglan Li (qinglan@cs.pitt.edu) Office hours: SENSQ 6803 – MW 9:00 a.m. – 12:00 noon

    7. Chapter 1 7 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Grading 30% First Midterm Exam (Feb. 24) 30% Second Midterm Exam (Apr. 21) 30% Programming Assignments 10% Pop Quizzes Up to 5% extra based on class participation The exams will be held jointly for both sections of the course, in SENSQ 5502, from 8:00 p.m. to 9:30 p.m.

    8. Chapter 1 8 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Policies All your answers to quizzes, exams, and assignments must be your own. Do discuss course materials and assignments with other students at a conceptual level, but: Don’t copy answers from others. Don’t let others copy your answers. Students caught cheating will fail the course. Except in case of documented emergency, there will be no make-up quizzes or exams. Late assignments will be penalized 10% per day (except weekends).

    9. Chapter 1 9 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Overview: Chapter 1 What is an operating system, anyway? Operating systems history The zoo of modern operating systems Review of computer hardware Operating system concepts Operating system structure User interface to the operating system Anatomy of a system call

    10. Chapter 1 10 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu What is an operating system? A program that runs on the “raw” hardware and supports Resource Abstraction Resource Sharing Abstracts and standardizes the interface to the user across different types of hardware Virtual machine hides the messy details which must be performed Manages the hardware resources Each program gets time with the resource Each program gets space on the resource May have potentially conflicting goals: Use hardware efficiently (e.g. maximize throughput) Give maximum performance to each user (e.g. minimize response time)

    11. Chapter 1 11 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Operating system timeline First generation: 1945 – 1955 Vacuum tubes Plug boards Second generation: 1955 – 1965 Transistors Batch systems Third generation: 1965 – 1980 Integrated circuits Multiprogramming Fourth generation: 1980 – present Large scale integration Personal computers Next generation: ??? Systems connected by high-speed networks? Wide area resource management?

    12. Chapter 1 12 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu First generation: direct input Run one job at a time Enter it into the computer (might require rewiring!) Run it Record the results Problem: lots of wasted computer time! Computer was idle during first and last steps Computers were very expensive! Goal: make better use of an expensive commodity: computer time

    13. Chapter 1 13 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu Second generation: batch systems Bring cards to 1401 Read cards onto input tape Put input tape on 7094 Perform the computation, writing results to output tape Put output tape on 1401, which prints output

    14. Chapter 1 14 CS 1550, cs.pitt.edu

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