Encouraging Risk Taking in the Youngest Writers: Setting Free the Writer Inside!

1. Encouraging Risk Taking in the Youngest Writers:Setting Free the Writer Inside! Lauren Johnson Spartanburg Writing Project 2012

2. Think back…. • How did you learn to write? • Do you remember anything at all about your early writing instruction? • My writing memories: I remember doing letter formation worksheets, and not much else. My mom found “My Writing Journal” from kindergarten that consisted of my teacher writing “I like ___”, and me filling in the blank (spelled correctly, so obviously copied!) • I remember writing in first grade, but I have no idea how I learned to do it!

3. Agenda • How do students avoid writing? • Why do they avoid writing? • How can we encourage them to take risks and WRITE?

4. Have you ever seen students engage in these “writing avoidance” behaviors?

5. The Pencil Crisis: • broken point • no eraser • needs sharpening… again…

6. The Bathroom Stakeout • frequent (or long) trips • getting tissues • washing hands • waiting at the door

7. Paper disasters • erasing a hole in the paper • losing the paper • ripping the paper • “messing up” beyond repair

8. Excuses, excuses! • “I don’t know what to write!” • “I don’t know how to spell that.” • “My mama didn’t teach me that yet.”

9. In reality, a lot of these behaviors have a basis in one or more of the following: • They are afraid to try and fail • They don’t know where to look for help • They don’t see themselves as writers

10. As teachers of writing, it is our job to calm these fears and teach them how to help themselves. Here are five classroom strategies that can help encourage young writers to take risks and “set free” the writer that lives inside!

11. “Students should feel they are a part of a community of people supporting each other in developing as writers, readers, and thinkers. In this community, literacy is valued and celebrated, as are the efforts of individuals to develop as members of a literate community.” • “Best Practices in Teaching Writing” • Charles Whitaker, Ph.D.

12. 1- Creating a Supportive Classroom Environment Supportive in Resources Supportive in Attitude Time to talk and share ideas with teachers and other students Opportunities to contribute to class books, lists, and anchor charts Meaningful feedback and praise Expert Chart • Immersed in quality read-alouds • Interactive, accessible word wall • Meaningful anchor charts • A variety of writing tools available • Set them up for success!

13. Our Expert Chart

14. “Reading and writing float on a sea of talk.” –James Britton A breaktaking story, in her own words...

15. 2- Effective Modeling • Explicit modeling of both the mechanics and thought processes behind writing • Thinking aloud- self questioning: • “Does this look/sound right?” • “What should come next?” • Interactive writing-sharing the pen

16. 3- Valuing Their Approximations • Approximations- a student’s attempts (getting “as close as possible”) • Noticing and accepting their attempts • Offering genuine, specific praise • Attempting to use letter sounds or blends • Matching pictures and writing • Using resources (word wall, words from anchor charts, etc.) • Demonstrating stamina • Valuing different stages of writing development (Richard Gentry, 1982.)

17. Early stages of writing development 1- Prephonemic (scribbling or pictorial) 2- Early phonemic “I found a goldfish named Arielle.”

18. 3- Phonetic 4- Transitional “I found a lamp and a genie came out.”

19. We’re Not Afraid to Spell These Words!

20. Let’s try it! • Looking at these actual student works, what meaningful feedback would you give these writers? • What specific praise would you give these writers?

21. 4- Using a Familiar Medium • Kids know picture books! It is the most familiar format for them. • In Already Ready, Katie Wood Ray encourages the use of unlined little books for beginning writers. • When the format is comfortable, they feel more confident taking risks with filling it up. • Allow them to “make meaning” with both words and pictures (In Pictures and In Words, Ray. 2010)

22. 5- Reading Like a Writer • For kindergarten, they may “listen like a writer” • Refer to the author and illustrator by name • Read the author bio and dedication pages • Refer to authors by name when giving feedback: “You used colorful animal pictures just like Eric Carle.” • Begin to notice things authors do in books • Begin to try some of the things they have noticed

23. Resources Britton, J. (1970). Language and learning. Coral Gables, Florida: University of Miami Press. Gentry, J. Richard. (1982). An analysis of developmental spelling in GNYS AT WRK, The Reading Teacher. Ray, Katie Wood and Matt Glover. (2008) Already Ready. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Ray, Katie Wood. (2010) In Pictures and In Words.Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Gentry, J. Richard. (1982). An analysis of developmental spelling in Whitaker, Charles. Best Practices for Teaching Writing. http://www.learner.org/workshops/middlewriting/images/pdf/HomeBestPrac.pdf.