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Dr.- Ing. Rainer-Werner Abendt Nürnberg Contact: rainer.abendt@gmx.de

1. First WASPA Annual International Conference & Exhibition 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya. Can the costs for waste water disposal be minimized?. Dr.- Ing. Rainer-Werner Abendt Nürnberg Contact: rainer.abendt@gmx.de. 2.

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Dr.- Ing. Rainer-Werner Abendt Nürnberg Contact: rainer.abendt@gmx.de

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  1. 1 First WASPA Annual International Conference & Exhibition 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Can the costs for waste water disposal be minimized? Dr.- Ing. Rainer-Werner Abendt Nürnberg Contact: rainer.abendt@gmx.de

  2. 2 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya It is true, waste water disposal is expensive! But it is necessary! Why? It`s undeniable: Supply of clean water to the population is indispensable for health provision. (National Water Services) With appropriation of water, the disposal of the sewage system must be secured. If this is not possible, Epedemien who are transmitted via the water are at any time possible. Therefor, the construction of a sewage system is a health provision. A hygiene measure! This evolution was also in Europe. It only began there already 100 years ago.

  3. Effluent Standards (emission) Water Quality Standards (imission) Education Standards: labours and academic Health and Safety Standards 3 1 2 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya 1 2 4 3 4 3

  4. 4 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Example Nürnberg, the Cost of Wast Water Disposal per year: (500.000 Inhabitants and industrial pollution of 1 million Inhabitants) Others 14% Depriciation 30% 14,9 Mio. € 31,5 Mio. € Maintenance 17,5 Mio. € 16% 17,6 Mio.€ 25,9 Mio. € Personnel Interest 16% 24%

  5. 5 Waste water disposal (Discharge and treatment) Sewer construction: General drainage;Sewer network expansion; Sewer operation: Maintenance, repair, operation/control of storage space and outlets (provisions under water law) First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Environmental laboratory for: Self-monitoring;Industrial monitoring;Pollutans;Heavy polluters Administration: Finances; Personnel By-laws: Connection approval;Industrial monitoring;Cost covering Wastwater treatment works operation:Processes (provision under water law), maintenance, repair, sludge disposal Wastwater treatment works construction:Matching structures to requirements including commissioning

  6. 6 Evolution in sewer network:- By-laws Urban area Treatment plant Evolution of water crowd: - Sewer construction Evolution of Water quality: - Sewer operation First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya

  7. 7 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Example: „Visual inspection coding system “

  8. 8 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Examples in TC`s on Water Subjects: • CEN TC 155 „Plastics piping systems“ “ • CEN TC 163 „Sanitary appliances “ • CEN TC 164 „Water supply “ • CEN TC 165 „Waste Water Engineering“ • CEN TC 203 „Cast iron pipes “ • CEN TC 208 „Elastomeric seals“ • CEN TC 230 „Water analysis “ • CEN TC 308 „Characterization of sludges“

  9. 9 DEN = Technical European Norms First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Free trade

  10. 10 Administration Planning Legal orders Financial management Accompany projects Personnel Documentation Automatic monitoring government control Product 1 „Clean Water" Treatment plant (Process system) Product 2 "Sludge" Maintenance secure disposal Legal orders Machine engineering Demands on the sludge Electrical engineering Laboratory Automizitation operating data Building First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Evolution in sewer network:- By-laws Urban area Evolution of water crowd: - Sewer construction Evolution of Water quality: - Sewer operation

  11. 11 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Demands on water quality (Europe): COD Ntot Ammonia BOD5 Suspended Solid Ptot

  12. 12 Waste Water Treatment 54,7% 45,3% Sludge Disposal First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya The relation of Costs for Wast Water Treatment and Sludge disposal:

  13. Disposal and Use Potenzial Methods of disposal or use Fertilizing in agriculture Transport Comparission of Transport Truck or train Criteria: Costs, CO2-Minimization, Environmental production Energy balance Amount of energy for fouling, drying, transport ... Gaining Energy e.g. incinneration 13 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Criteria for Sludge Treatment

  14. 14 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Waste water is a source of energy: • Use of the water heat out of the sewer or the treatment plant • Use of the waterpower potential on the treatment area • Anaerobe waste water processing • Treated water for irrigation in agriculture • Treated water for fabrication water • Energy generation of sludge digester (gas) • Energy generation of biomass, or organic waste similar with sludge in the digester • Sludge for fertilizing in agriculture • Sludge incineration for heating energy

  15. 15 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Personnel costs? A financial manager normaly thinks: „An employee is only a factor in costs. Minimize the worker number!“ But my experiences have showed: A motivated worker minimize the operating costs. But he must be developed well in the field of work. On one hand site he needs pure knowledge and on the other site practical experience. Against the background of expensive investments and high operating costs: „A well trained worker isthe best investment for a company.“

  16. Example for pure knowledge,a biologic treatment step: 16 Material flows 1 : Reactor input2 : Reactor outlet3 : treatet water4 : Sludge recyclet5 : Sludge outlet6 : Air input7 : Exhaust Measurement system B1 : Activated sludge tank(Reactor)B2 : Activated sludge plant 5 1 1 1 7 1 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 4 B1 B2 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya

  17. 17 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Example Nürnberg, the Cost of Wast Water Disposal per year: (500.000 Inhabitants and industrial pollution of 1 million Inhabitants) Others 14% Depriciation 30% 14,9 Mio. € 31,5 Mio. € Maintenance 17,5 Mio. € 16% 17,6 Mio.€ 25,9 Mio. € Personnel Interest 16% 24%

  18. 18 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya

  19. 19 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Securing the Qualification of Personnel Question: How do I acquire trained personnel, if I do not have the training and advanced training structure which is developed in Germany? Answer: Personnel must be trained in plants locally. Helpful here is the employment of externally trained instructors or training facilities, such as are also offered by the DWA, together with a training programme. DWA = German Association for Water, Waste Water and Waste

  20. 20 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Model Neighbourhood • Germany and Austria since 25 years • Target group  Operators • regional Groups approx. 10-20 Utilities • 2-3 meetings per year • Teachers get trained

  21. 21 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Thank you for your attention!

  22. A1 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya Costs of the wastewater disposal For example in Nürnberg (including rainwater!): In a 4-person household the costs arising for wastewater disposal for one year are shown as an example: Fresh water consumption 35-40 m³/Person and year Paved and connected surface area of a detached house: 80 m² Calculation: Wastewater charges per year (150 m³ x 1.99 EURO/m³): 298.50 € Precipitation water charges (80 m² x 0.51 EUR/ m²): 40.80 € Total (costs per year): 339.30 €

  23. A1 First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya A 4-person household in Germany has available an average annual income of 21.000 EURO. It must expend 1.6 % of its income for the disposal of waste water. If the waste water charges are distributed over 365 days in the year there is a daily sum of 0.93 EURO. Important relation of costs : If one expresses these charges in purchasing power then the 4-person household has to do without four to five cigarettesa day or one bottle of mineral water or ?

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