SDGs for Mega Urban Jakarta

1. SDGs for Mega Urban Jakarta Raldi Hendro Koestoer ralkoest@yahoo.co.uk Consultative Workshop on Measuring Progress in Post 2015 Development Frameworks United Nations Office for Sustainable Development 10-11 December 2013, Incheon, South Korea

2. Challenged Issues in Mega Urban Jakarta. • MP3EI towards a Green Plan. • Urban Environmental Approaches in Review. • Proxy SDG Indicators and Spatial Land-use of Mega Urban Jakarta • Concluding Remarks. Outline of Presentations

3. What Spatial Issues Challenged by Mega Urban Jakarta • What Constraints Framed for Mega Urban Jakarta • How the Regions Survive to Achieve Green Development (SDGs) Questions Encountered

4. Challenged Issues in Mega Urban Jakarta

5. Mega Urban Jakarta is one of the metropolitan areas in SEA -> consisting of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang dan Bekasi abbreaviated as Jabodetabek, known as Desakota Region • Population for the Mega Urban Jakarta (Jabodetabek) is around 27.9m people, with the area of 6,872 sq. Km. -> ranked at the 4th in the World largest Mega Urban regions. • Jabodetabek is concentrated by 11,76% of the total Population for Indonesia -> covering 18% of the national economic business circulations. Mega Urban Jakarta

8. 1. Over Populated -> Slum Area 2. Distribution of Flood Vulnerability 3. Traffic Congestion ->Traffic Jam & Highly Polluted Condition 4. Poor Sanitation -> Deteriorating Health Condition 5. Land Utilitation -> Variety of Landuses Mega Urban Issues

9. Masterplan for the Acceleration andExpansion of Indonesia’s Economic Development (MP3EI ) towards a Green Plan

10. Think Globally – Act Locally(Triple Bottom line-Sustainable Development)

11. Urban Development Policy for Indonesia 1. Pro Growth 2. Pro Job 3. Pro Poor 4. Pro Environment

12. Indonesia Vision 2025 “To create a self-sufficient, Advance, Just and Prosperous Indonesia” Strategic Initiatives Encourage a large scale investment realization in 22 main economic activities Synchronization of national action plan to revitalize the real sector performance The development of center of excellence in 6 (six) economic corridors • Developing economic corridors Indonesia • Development of growth centers in each corridor with the development of industrial clusters and special economic region based on commodity resources • Strengthening National Connectivity • Connectivity and intra-and inter-center growth in economic corridors • Connectivity between corridor / island • International connectivity • Strengthening national human resources capability and science and technology • Science & Technology Capacity Building (Green Techno-Economy) Main Strategy Framework Approach MP3EI Basic Principles Basic Principles for economic development acceleration and expansion

13. Shipping ICT Textile INVESTMENT POLICY: Main Downstreamings Industries in MP3EI Machinary & Tools Food/Beverage Sunda Straits Strategic Area Steel Greater Jakarta The development is integrated in 6 economic corridors Defence Equipment Animal Husbandry Cacao Food Estate Palm Oil Tourism Fishery Rubber 22 MAIN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES Woods Bauxite Oil & Gas Copper Coal Nickel

14. Development Themes in Six Economic Corridors

15. Urban Environmental Approaches in Review

16. Green Economy Development of low carbon economies; Shift to renewables and energy efficiency economies; Sustainability development, strengthening Public Services, and enhancing local capacity; Socio-Economic Welfare as the first priority. (UNEP, 2013)

17. Green growth means fostering economic growth and development while ensuring that natural assets continue to provide the resources and environmental services on which our well-being relies. • The basic principles of “Green Growth” : • Quality of economic growth • Eco-efficiency of economic growth • Environmentalsustainability vis-à-vis environmental performance Green Growth (UNEP, 2013)

18. as work in agricultural, manufacturing, research and development (R&D), administrative, and service activities that contribute substantially to preserving or restoring environmental quality. • Specifically, but not exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, and water consumption through high-efficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy; and minimize or altogether avoid generation of all forms of waste and pollution Green Jobs (ILO-UNEP, 2013)

19. The extent to which green economy activities and technologies increase the demand for existing occupations, shape the work and worker requirements needed for occupational performance, or generate unique work and worker requirement.  Green increased demand occupations  Green enhanced skills occupations  Green new and emerging occupations More precisely green jobs are decent jobs that: – Reduce consumption of energy and raw materials – Limit GHGemissions – Minimize waste and pollution – Protect and restore ecosystems “Greening" Occupations (ILO-UNEP, 2013)

20. Urban Social-Economic Attractiveness affects the flow of migration from the hinterland. • One major trigger increased Urbanised trend is a trade off b/w rural land productivity and industrialization; • while investment on infrastructure induced the process. • Urban Area is occupied by 30% of the total Population: -> Around 3,3m people estimated increase to 5m people by 2030 (UN-HABITAT, 2009) Spill-over in the Desakota Region

21. Environment (Ecology) • Socio-Economy (Employment) • Equity • Engagement • Energy Basic Principles of Green Urban Development (Ananda, 2013)

22. Green City Environmentally friendly city with effectively and efficiently utilize water resources and energy, reducing waste, implementing an integrated transport system, ensure environmental health, environmental synergy between natural and artificial, based urban planning and design in favor of the principles of sustainable development (www.unep.org/wed). (Ananda, 2013)

23. Proxy SDG Indicators-Spatial Landuse of Mega Urban Jakarta

24. Integrated Components of Natural and Built Urban Environment • Eco-efficient and Optimal Utilizations of Urban Resources • Reduced Carbon Emission • Recycled Waste • Reducing Resources Use based on the hinterland • 8 Components for Ecological Mega Urban Jabodetabek: • Land-Use • Transportation • Built Environment • Green Open Space • Waste and Water-ways Network Management • Energy System • Hidrology • Air and Solar System Ecological Urban Concepts (Ananda, 2013)

25. Phase of Sustainable Development (Ananda, 2013)

26. Ecological Footprint • Barometer of Sustainability • Quality of Life Assessment • Ecosystem Health Assessment • Natural Resource Availability • Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment (SCCA) • Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) • Sustainable Development Indicator (SDI) • Ecological Footprint-Biocapacity Accounting (EF-BC Accounting) • Methods of Water and Land Resources Accounting • Methods of Comparative Resources on Supply-Demand • Methods Multi-dimentional Scalling (MDS) • Environmental Performance Index (EPI) • Sustainable Performance Index (SPI) Methods for SD in Review (Ananda, 2013)

27. (Hasibuan, 2013)

28. (Hasibuan, 2013)

29. (Hasibuan, 2013)

30. Mega Urban Jakarta as a Desakota Region is remarkably Dynamics • ->Not only Population increased but also degrading quality of Landuse and environment emerged • MP3EI is a driving factor influencing the Mega Urban Environment • Eco-Mega Urban Management has to be promoted strongly • ->Indicators for SDGs should consider Econ. Productivity, Ecol. Sustainability, Social Justice, Political will and Cultural Vibrancy • Reviews on Eco-socecon Mega Urban Methods would assist to appropriate indicators for SDGs of Mega Urban Jakarta Concluding Remarks

31. Thank You.............감사합니다......ありがとうございましたTerimakasih.....