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Exploring Morphology: A Fun and Engaging Study of Word Structure

Dive into the fascinating world of morphology and discover how words are formed and classified in language. This chapter explores morphemes, inflection, derivation, and more, with interactive exercises to reinforce your learning. Get ready for a morph-fun-ology adventure!

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Exploring Morphology: A Fun and Engaging Study of Word Structure

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  1. Chapter 3 Morphology More – fun – ology

  2. Morph-Fun I was very chalant, despite my efforts to appear gruntled and consolate. I was furling my wieldy umbrella… when I saw her… She was a descript person… Her hair was kempt, her clothing shevelled, and she moved in a gainly way.

  3. Formal Definition • Morpheme: • The smallest unit of meaning in a language • Has only one meaning • So what about: ‘dogs’ and ‘writes’ ? • Not necessarily independent • Creative potential

  4. Grammar Safari • Find a morphemically creative word • From a naturally occurring source • Tell us: • What the word means • How you know (what each morpheme means) • Example: • On next slide…

  5. Safari Example • Misunderestimate • mis – ‘Fail to’ • under – ‘make lower’ • estimate = “root” • Resolveability • resolve = “root” • ability – ‘capacity for’ • Strategery • Intentional non-word w/ negative overtones from “forgery”…?

  6. Just Do it: Creating Words • Define “Blog” (noun, verb) • Define “Blogger” (noun only) • Create an ADJ = “like an opinionated posting” • “That sounds a little ____________________.” • Create another ADJ • “I don’t trust her ______________ pronouncements.” • Create an ADV = “as a blogger would do something” • “Jack always writes so ___________________.” • Create a NOUN = “the act of a person who blogs” • “She’s doing a bit of _________________” • In the New York Times William Safire wrote about the “Blogiverse” What do you suppose he meant? Exercise 3.1

  7. Just 4 Fun

  8. Tell Me About It… • Manching my swilted fresnap all day, the grasting tunkle is krepily bronking to murple a swazzling guston!

  9. Do On Your Own • Outside of class… • Exercise 3.2 p. 40 • Exercise 3.3 p. 40 – 42 • Exercise 3.4 p. 42 The chart at the bottom of page 41 may be helpful

  10. Inflection • A morpheme that marks words for grammatical class without changing the basic meaning In English: • Nouns (-s, -’s) • Verbs (-s, ed, -en, -ing) • Adj/Adv (-er, -est)

  11. Inflection • Marking a word for a grammatical class • Plural • Possessive • Tense • Contrast • Gender • Gram. Class • Person’s Role • Etc. } English } Other Languages

  12. English Inflectional Morphemes

  13. Just Do It • Exercises • 3.5 (p. 48-49) • 3.6 (p. 49)

  14. Challenge • What’s the function of the present tense here?

  15. Zero Allomorph • Noun • Deer • ??? • Verb • Cut • ???

  16. Antidisestablishmentarianism • What are the morphemes? • Which are bound? • Which are free? • What does each morpheme mean?

  17. Derivation • The addition of a morpheme which causes the original word to change in meaning &/or grammatical category • (anti-dis-establish-ment-arian-ism) • anti = meaning change • dis = meaning change • ment = grammatical change (V  N) • arian = meaning change • ism = meaning change

  18. Derivational Morphemes • On the patterns of • Friend • Act • Create ‘new’ words using morphemes...

  19. List Some • Free Morphemes • Bound Morphemes

  20. Functional Shift • Inflect these words as N, V, Adj or Adv Record Result Cap Fly Heavy Seat Finish Yellow Exercise 3.7

  21. Derivation vs. Inflection

  22. Do It • Exercise 3.11 • Morphing & Unmorphables (p. 56) • Review Exercises • pp. 57-58 NOTE: All the exercises in the text are relevant & good – even those that aren’t listed in the slides…

  23. For “Tomorrow” • TPQ on Chapter 3 • Begin reading Chapter 4

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