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Germanic Tribes & Frankish Kingdoms in the Early to Middle Ages

Germans in 300-550 AD, hunters & farmers with Roman influence, clans with chieftains; Rise of Ostrogoths & Visigoths, Huns conquest, Frankish rule, reign of Clovis, Charles Martel's victories, Charlemagne's empire ambitions, Treaty of Verdun.

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Germanic Tribes & Frankish Kingdoms in the Early to Middle Ages

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  1. Early Middle Ages

  2. Germans 300 -550 AD • Had Roman culture but kept most of their own • Made living herding cattle & farming • Believed in hospitality • Law came from the people • German men = warriors (fighting, hunting, making weapons) • Divided into clans with family ties • Chieftain – a military leader whom Germans gave loyalty to

  3. Goth Conquerors • Ostrogoths (East) and Visigoths (West) • Huns conquered East Goths and Western Goths went to Roman Empire • Visigoths rebelled against Romans and captured Rome and drove Vandals out of Spain • Vandals went to N. Africa • 550 Roman Empire faded to 6 German kingdoms

  4. The Franks 400 – 843 AD • Lived along Rhine River (modern day France & Germany) • Clovis (481): united all Franks under one rule w/ Pope support • Spoke form of Latin which turned to French • Set capital in Paris

  5. Charles Martel “The Hammer” • Reunited all Frankish nobles w/ Church support • Battle of Tours (732) • Defeated Arabs & Berbers (Muslims) • Led Christianity to survive in west instead of Islam • Pepin (Martel’s son) • 1st Frankish king anointed by holy oil • Fought the Lombards in Italy • Gave land in Central Italy to the Pope

  6. Charlemagne - 768 • Goals: Have all of W. Europe in his rule & become Christian • Fought Wars: • Lombards in Italy • Saxons (N. Germany) • Muslims (Pyrenees Mtns.) • 800: Pope anointed him new Christian/Roman Emperor • Believed in education • Copied manuscripts • Used lower case letters • Arts began to blossom

  7. Collapse • Charlemagne’s grandsons take over • Too weak to rule so nobles take control • Treaty of Verdun (843) • Lothair: North Sea to Italian peninsula • Louis: East (Present Germany) • Charles: West (Present day French)

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