National Federation of State High School Associations BASKETBALL THREE OFFICIALS’ MECHANICS

1. National Federation of State High School Associations BASKETBALL THREE OFFICIALS’ MECHANICS

2. Three-Person Mechanics • Terminology • Pregame • Jump Ball • Areas of Coverage • Rotations • Throw-ins • Fouls & Switching • Free Throws • Time-outs & Intermission • Last Second Shot NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

3. Terminology • Rotation • Switch • L Official • C Official • T Official • Close Down • Ball Side • Strong Side • Weak Side • Tableside • Opposite Side NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

4. Pregame Positions • U1 observes home team warm-up • U2 observes visiting team warm-up NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

5. Jump Ball • U1 chops clock, watches jumpers • U2 watches eight non-jumpers • U1 & U2 mindful of quick 3-pt attempt and over/back NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

6. Jump Ball Ball goes right Ball goes left • R always goes into T position NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

7. Primary Coverage Areas • Both C and T should close down on shots. NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

8. Line Coverage • Lead has entire end line • C has closest sideline • T has closest sideline, division line, and far end line • Call only your line NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

9. Inbounds Coverage NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

10. Coverage on Transition NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

11. Shot & Rebound Coverage • Lead should not be positioned within lane lines • Both C and T should close down on shots • C is primarily responsible for weak side rebounding NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

12. Shot & Rebound Coverage NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

13. Three-Point Shot Coverage • If both C and T indicate the 3-pt attempt, T should referee the defense on the shooter and stay with the shot; C should release and cover rebounding • C/T should mirror the other official’s “good” signal NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

14. Rotation Sequence • L goes to ball-side, T closes down, C completes rotation (last to rotate) NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

15. Rotation Cues • L dictates rotation (don’t stay in lane) • Better to have two C’s than two T’s (this is why C is last to rotate) • L must officiate play in the post, even while moving across the lane • If the L begins to rotate and the ball is quickly reversed or a quick shot is taken, the L does not have to complete the rotation NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

16. Transition Coverage After Rotation NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

17. Throw-In Cues • L may administer throw-ins on either side of player when staying in frontcourt • T handles all throw-ins in the backcourt, regardless of location (“bump and run,” if necessary) • T may bounce any sideline or end line throw-in (may depend on defensive pressure) NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

18. End Line Throw-Ins in the Frontcourt • L may administer throw-ins on either side of player when staying in frontcourt NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

19. Sideline Throw-Ins in the Backcourt • T handles all throw-ins in the backcourt, regardless of location (“bump and run,” if necessary) NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

20. End Line Throw-Ins in the Backcourt • If no pressure, C and L may go to home locations. NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

21. Press Coverage • C stays in backcourt • L should have deepest player in front and boxed-in NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

22. Foul Reporting NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

23. Fouls & Basic Switching • Non-calling officials should observe all players • Calling official goes table side after reporting • Official originally table side fills the vacancy left by the calling official NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

24. Fouls & Basic Switching • Third official remains in the same position occupied at time of foul • If calling official was table side, no switch occurs • No long switch on fouls called in the backcourt without free throws NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

25. Disqualification Procedure • New table side (Center or Trail) official: • notifies coach • requests timer to begin 30-second replacement interval • notifies disqualified player NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

26. Disqualification Procedure Officials not administering disqualification position for subsequent throw-in or free throw Administering official takes a position on division line half way between center circle and sideline nearest table to administer substitution NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

27. Foul Reporting & Switching Stayingin the frontcourt • Important for all officials to designate throw-in spot NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

28. Foul Reporting & Switching Backcourt to frontcourt - no free throws • L calls foul opposite, reports and returns to administer throw-in as new T • Old T becomes new L • C remains C NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

29. Foul Reporting & Switching Backcourt to frontcourt - no free throws • C calls foul, reports and slides down to become new L • Old T becomes new C • L goes to sideline to administer throw-in and becomes new T NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

30. Free Throws • Calling official becomes T • L administers all free throws • C and T should close down on last shot attempt NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

31. Time-outs & Intermissions NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

32. Last Second Shot • C or T – Opposite table official is responsible • L may need to offer assistance or be responsible if on fast break • Responsible official should communicate with partners that he/she has the last second shot (discussed during pre-game) NFHS Three Officials' Mechanics

33. QUESTIONS?