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Meiosis

Meiosis is a process that reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid through various events like crossing over and independent assortment. These events result in genetic recombination and variation, leading to the formation of gametes in reproductive cells.

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Meiosis

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  1. Meiosis

  2. Diploid to Haploid

  3. Crossing Over • Synapsis- Homologous Pairs line up = Tetrad • During synapsis the chromstids within a homologous pair may twist around each other and break off and attach to the other homologous pair =Crossing Over • Results in exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes =genetic recombination

  4. Law of Independent Assortment • During metaphase, as the homologous pairs line up the orientation of maternal and paternal chromosomes is random • Not all maternal go to one side, and paternal the other….it is mixed • Law of independent assortment • As the homologous pairs are separated in anaphase, they maternal and paternal chromosomes have random separation • Results in genetic variation

  5. Law of Independent Assortment

  6. Formation of Gametes • Meiosis only occurs in the reproductive cells…all other cells undergo mitosis • Ending products of meiosis are haploid gametes • Eggs in female - oogenesis • Sperm in male - spermatogenesis • Fusion of sperm and egg results in a diploid cell

  7. DNA v. Gene

  8. Karyotype • 46 chromosomes, 23 pair • One of each pair was from mom, one from dad

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