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Ionic Bonds. By: Racquel Cantu & Nicole Keeler(:. Formation of Ions. *An atom that has a net positive or negative electric charge is called an ion . *An ion with a negative charge is anion . A cation is a positively charged ion. Formation of Ionic Bonds.
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Ionic Bonds By: Racquel Cantu & Nicole Keeler(:
Formation of Ions *An atom that has a net positive or negative electric charge is called an ion. *An ion with a negative charge is anion. A cation is a positively charged ion.
Formation of Ionic Bonds *A chemical bond is the force that holds atoms or ions together as a unit. *An ionic bond is the force that holds cations and anions together.
Ionization Energy *The amount of energy used to remove an electron is called ionization energy. *The lower the ionization energy, the easier it is to remove an electron from an atom.
Transfer Of Electrons *A sodium atom has one more electron than a neon atom. If a sodium atom was to lose its electron, its highest occupied energy level would have eight electrons.
Example • If sodium and chlorine were to combine, the sodium atoms each lose an electron, which forms cations. • The chlorine atoms would all gain electrons, making anions. • The ions are attracted to each other, thus forming sodium chloride. Na + Cl → Na+ + Cl− → NaCl
Ionic Compounds * A chemical formula is a notation that shows what elements a compound contains and the ratio of the atoms or ions of the elements in the compound. * Formula of sodium chloride is NaCl.
Crystal Lattices *Solids whose particles are arranged in a lattice structure are called crystals. * Crystals are classified into groups based on the shape of their crystals.
Polar Covalent Bonds • Bonds that have partly ionic, and partly covalent parts are called POLAR COVALENT BONDS.
Ionic compounds usually have a high melting point and they are soluble in water. • Soluble means something is able to be dissolved in water.
Difference Between Ionic Bonds and Covalent Bonds • Covalent bonds are bound because they SHARE electrons, which forms stability. • Whereas Ionic bonds are bound because of the opposite attraction of the ions. Opposites attract.
Properties of Ionic Compounds * Properties of sodium chloride are typical of an ionic compound. *In its solid state, sodium chloride is a poor conductor of electric current. * The properties of an ionic compound can be explained by the strong attractions among ions within a crystals lattice.
Conductivity • When molten or dissolved, ionic compounds are able to conduct electricity because of their ability to move around and carry electrons. • It is not the same when they are in solid form, the electrons are packed too tightly to move around.
Quiz • 1. Define ion: • 2. What’s the difference between a cation and an anion? • 3. A _______ ________ is the force that holds atoms or ions together in a unit. • 4. What makes it easier to remove an electron from an atom? • 5. When sodium and chlorine combine, what ionic compound do they create? • 6. What is the formula for that ionic compound? • 7. Define a crystal lattice: • 8. What are polar covalent bonds? • 9. Describe the difference between Ionic bonds and Covalent bonds: • 10. What causes ionic compounds to be good conductors of electricity?
Answer Key • 1. An atom that has a net positive or negative electric charge. • 2. An anion has a negative charge, and a cation has a positive charge. • 3. chemical bond • 4. A lower ionization energy. • 5. Sodium Chloride • 6. NaCl • 7. A solid whose particles are arranged in a lattice structure. • 8. Bonds that have partly ionic, and partly covalent parts. • 9. Covalent bonds share electrons, while Ionic bonds are attracting opposites. • 10. When they become molten or dissolved.
Bibliography • . "Ionic bond." Wikipedia. Wikipedia, 15 2012. Web. 19 Nov 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_bond>.
