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LOUIS XIV "THE SUN KING"

LOUIS XIV "THE SUN KING". Issues Edict of Nantes 1598. R ight-hand man, the minister Maximilien de Béthune , duc de Sully (1560–1641), - to regularise state finance, - promote agriculture - drain swamps to create productive crop lands, - undertake many public works

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LOUIS XIV "THE SUN KING"

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  1. LOUIS XIV "THE SUN KING"

  2. Issues Edict of Nantes 1598 Right-hand man, the minister Maximilien de Béthune, duc de Sully(1560–1641), - to regularise state finance, - promote agriculture - drain swamps to create productive crop lands, - undertake many public works - encourage education Henry IV • Eliminated inefficiency and corruption • Still a heavy tax burden on bourgeoisie, peasantry and working class • Reduced nobilities influence in Local affairs • Sent Royal officials • Intendants • Assassinated by nobles 1610

  3. LOUIS XIII • KING AT 10 (1610) Henry IV assassinated • Marie de’ Medici Regent dismissed Henry IV chief Minister Sully • Appointed Richelieu as Chief Minister in1624 • Expand power of King by destroying • Huguenots • Nobles • Used Intendants to limit power of Nobles

  4. Cardinal Richelieu

  5. DOMINATE EUROPE ORDER, STABILITY, AND REFORM IN FRANCE

  6. LOUIS XIV

  7. "THE SUN KING"

  8. ADVISORS-- • Kept a group of Professional diplomats as his advisors. - Cardinal Richelieu • Cardinal Mazarin Takes over after Richelieu’s death • THE FRONDE--1648-1653 (slang for “slingshot” – used by the boys in the streets of Paris)

  9. The Fronde (1648 - 1653) • Series of rebellions against royal power – lead by the nobles and the townspeople • WHY???? • Authority had been undermined by the Royal Officials • Represented a threat to the crown’s power • Ultimately served to strengthen the crown’s power • The disorder it created showed the people the need for a strong monarchy

  10. The Personal Rule of the Sun King • Began at Mazarin’s death • “L’etat, c’estmoi” – “I am the state” • Absolute power • “lettre de cache” – authorized imprisonment or exile without trial • 1660 –Married Marie Therese – political

  11. Louis XIV's Personal Reign cont... • To limit power of nobility he appointed more middle class • Selling the titles – “nobles of the robe” they undermined “nobility of the sword” • Versailles – King’s residence and center of government • Cost a great deal of money

  12. Jean-Baptiste Colbert • Controlled finances under Louis XIV • Expanded government role in the economy • Encouraged industry • Built roads and canals • Nobility and clergy stayed tax exempt • tax burden remained on peasants and lower middle class • Inadequacy of financial system was a major weak spot

  13. Jean-Baptiste Colbert

  14. Religious Policies - Louis XIV • GALLICANISM • Louis XIV exercised administrative control over the church in France • REVOCATION OF THE EDICT OF NANTES • Louis XIV believed in Religious unity • 200,000 Huguenots fled causing economic problems – France was deprived of their knowledge and skills

  15. THE WAR OF DEVOLUTION (1667-1668) • France was awarded several towns on the border of the Spanish Netherlands THE DUTCH WAR (1672 – 1678) • France gained several additional towns along the border of the Spanish Netherlands THE WAR OF THE LEAGUE OF AUGSBURG (9 YEARS’ WAR) – (1688 – 1697) • France lost most of its prior gains, but kept Alsace

  16. The War of Spanish Succession (1701 - 1714) • Louis XIV – claimed his grandson Philip of Anjou was heir to the Spanish throne • Hapsburg Holy Roman Emperor Leopold challenged – claiming the throne was for his son Charles • England, Holland & Holy Roman Emperor joined forces against France

  17. Treaty of Baden & Rastatt (1714) • Philip of Anjou became King Philip V of Spain • Neither he nor his successors could occupy the French throne • France lost a number of colonies in the New World, but kept Quebec

  18. Created a Political Alliance with Spain. • BUILT THE PALACE OF VERSAILLES • Forced the Nobility to live there • They had all the privileges they wanted and non of the power. • He had ABSOLUTE CONTROL

  19. Versailles

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