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Kees Hoppener. Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment 2006. Environmental Policy Target Group Industry Partnership appraoch. General characteristics of the covenants. Result of negotiations Actors: representatives of government and industry
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Kees Hoppener Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment 2006 Environmental Policy Target Group Industry Partnership appraoch
General characteristics of the covenants • Result of negotiations • Actors: representatives of government and industry • Commitment: branch organisations/companies and licensing authorities • NEPP objectives translated to specific targets for each sector (11) for 2000 and 2010 • Integrated Environmental Target Plan: all environmental issues (global warming, air pollution, waste, EMS, etc)
General Characteristics of the covenants • Best available technology • Operating procedure: Company Environmental Plan • (CEP) • Consultative committees • Monitoring and reporting
Factors for success • Clear and quantifiable objectives • Agreements about progress and (independent) • monitoring • Clear and adopted responsibilities involved partners • Challenge (but realistic) for the industry • Priorities in environmental policy • Platform for consultation • Controllable, not with too many players • Covenant only works in a set of legal instruments
Voluntary, not without obligations; a study concerning free-riders • Observation: • Some companies as well as some authorities; back out of obligations (‘free riders’) • Reasons for being ‘free rider’: • Covenants not known (small companies) • Less priority for environmental issues (companies) • Bad economic situation (companies) • Less priority for covenants (authorities) • Short of staff (authorities)
Future of covenants • Changing forces: • Scale of the environmental problems • Quality standards: reduction and distribution • 80% of policy is based on European legislation • More market based instruments • Globalisation of the economy • Burden of administration: more general binding rules • Integration with local economical policy and spatial planning
POSITIONING PARTNERSHIP APPROACHES Command and control Negotiated approach (BAT) Transition management reactive active pro-active Transition management covenants platoon stragglers frontrunners niche-markets