1) Nymphaeaceae

1. “Paleoherbs” Magnoliids Eudicot Clade 2) Magnoliaceae Monocot Clade 1) Nymphaeaceae Flowering Plant Ancestor

2. 17) Ranunculaceae Caryophyllid Clade 24) Viscaceae Rosid Clade Asterid Clade 18) Papaveraceae Eudicots (Tricolpates)

3. 45) Ericaceae Asterids I Asterids II 46 Sarraceniaceae Asterid Clade (Sympetalae)

4. 46) Sarraceniaceae • Pitcher-Plant Family • Carnivorous (Insectivorous) • Herbaceous or subshrubby perennials • Leaves tubular or vase-like, usually partially filled with water and dead insects; • Flowers large, perfect, actinomorphic, usually pendulous • Style simple and in Sarracenia forming an umbrella-like structure with stigmatic surfaces on the upper side

5. ExamplesSarraceniaceae • Sarracenia (purple pitcher plant) shown • Darlingtonia californica (cobra pitcher)

6. Sarracenia purpurea

7. Sarracenia minor – large peltate stigma

8. Sarracenia flava

9. Darlingtonia californica – cobra plant

10. Darlingtonia californica

11. 45) Ericaceae Asterids I Asterids II 46 Sarraceniaceae Asterid Clade (Sympetalae)

12. 48) Convolvulaceae (incl. 49) Cuscutaceae) Apocynaceae (incl. 52) Asclepiadaceae) Lamiales Clade 47) Solanaceae 50) Rubiaceae 51) Gentianaceae Asterids I

13. 47) Solanaceae • Potato or Nightshade Family • Herbs, shrubs, trees, or vines • Various alkaloids present • Leaves alternate, often in pairs, the members of a pair both on the same side of the stem • Inflorescence determinate, sometimes reduced to a solitary flower, terminal but appearing to be lateral (sympodial) • Flowers actinomorphic, 5-merous; stamens 5, often connate, corolla broadly rotate to salverform, plicate • Ovary 2-locular, sometimes falsely divided again • Ovules numerous • Fruit a berry or capsule.

14. ExamplesSolanaceae • Solanum (potato, eggplant, deadly nightshade) • Lycopersicum (tomato) • Nicotiana(tobacco) • Datura (jimsonweed) • Capsicum (cayenne, red, and green pepper, chili pepper) • Physalis (tomatillos) • Petunia

15. Lycopersicon esculentum

16. Lycopersicon esculentum

17. Solanum dulcamara

18. Datura stramonium

19. Physalis alkegengi – inflated calyx

20. Nicotiana tabacum

21. Petunia spp.

22. 48) Convolvulaceae • Morning Glory Family • Usually twining and climbing herbs, roots sometimes storing starch • Milky latex often present, sometimes with alkaloids • Leaves alternate, simple, lacking stipules, often cordate in our range • Inflorescence determinate, terminal or axillary, often solitary flowers. • Flowers with fused corolla, subtended by bracts, perfect and regular • Petals often plicate, often convolute with a clockwise twist

23. ExamplesConvolvulaceae • Ipomoea (morning glory, sweet potato) • Convolvulus spp.(bindweed, trellisweed) • Calystegia sepium (bindweed) • Dichondra (ponyfoot)

24. Convolvulus incanus

25. Calystegia sepium

26. Ipomea pes-caprae

27. Ipomea purpurea

28. 49) Cuscutaceae (now included in Convolvulaceae) • Dodder Family • Parasitic herb • Leaves reduced to minute scales • Stem forming numerous small suckers (haustoria) that grow into the host tissue • Chlorophyll almost totally lacking; • Stems cord-like, often yellowish

29. ExamplesCuscutaceae • Cuscuta (dodder)

30. Cuscuta spp.