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A Study of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Wastewater

A Study of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Wastewater. Arthur Ho Spacegrant Mentor: Dr. Bob Arnold Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Arizona. Effects in Animals. Kidd et al ., 2007. 139 Sites 95 Compounds. Comparison of 4 Compounds:

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A Study of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Wastewater

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  1. A Study of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Wastewater Arthur Ho Spacegrant Mentor: Dr. Bob Arnold Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Arizona

  2. Effects in Animals Kidd et al., 2007

  3. 139 Sites • 95 Compounds • Comparison of 4 Compounds: • Compound (Use and Effect)CMAX (µg/L)Days to Med Dose • Caffeine (stimulant) 5.7 5.7 x 103 (Excedrin Migraine) • Ibuprofen (anti-inflammatory) 1.0 105 (Motrin) • 17α-ethinyl estradiol (oral contraceptive) 0.27 37 (Alesse-21) • 17β-estradiol (vertebrate hormone) 0.093 (Phoenix) 5.3 x 103 (Activella) • 4-nonylphenol (surfactant metabolite) 40 (Tucson) 4.6 x 10-4 as estrogenic E2, EE2 USGS Surface Water Reconnaissance(Kolpin et al., 2002)

  4. Chemical Structure Molecular Weight Log Kow Relative Estrogenic Activity (YES bioassay) 17-estradiol (E2) 272.39 3.94 1.0 17-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) 296.40 4.15 1.32 Estrone (E1) 270.37 3.43 0.20 Estriol (E3) 288.39 2.81 0.01 Nonylphenol (NP) 220.35 4.48 2×10-4 Octylphenol (OP) 206.33 4.12 3×10-4 Bisphenol A (BPA) 228.29 3.40 8×10-5 Examples of Estrogenic Compounds

  5. Influent: 1.66 mols EE2 equivalents/day Effluent: 0.12 mols EE2 equivalents/day Dewatered Cake: 0.26 mols EE2 equivalents /day Removal of estrogenic activity through the whole treatment plant = [1.656 – (0.1178 + 0.26)] / 1.656 = 77% Estrogenic Activity at JWPCP

  6. E E E E R R R R lac-z Yeast Estrogen/ Androgen Screen Cytoplasm Cytoplasm CPRG yellow -gal CPR red hER/hAR = Estrogen = Receptor

  7. Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES) Assay

  8. E E E E R R R R lac-z Yeast Estrogen/ Androgen Screen Cytoplasm Cytoplasm CPRG yellow -gal CPR red hER/hAR = Estrogen = Receptor

  9. Agonism Anti-estrogens: Mechanism of Action Antagonism E E R R R R A A No protein production b-gal

  10. Tamoxifen is an Anti-estrogen • Known anti-estrogens: (hydroxy) tamoxifen, chlorinated hormones, • Known anti-androgens: 4-,4’-DDE, flutamide

  11. Methods • Obtaining Wastewater samples • Extraction of Organics • Preparation of organics • Yeast Estrogen Assay

  12. RESULTS RAW SLUDGE SOLID EXTRACTS ARE HIGHLY ESTROGENIC RAW SLUDGE LIQUID EXTRACTS ARE ANTI-ESTROGENIC

  13. RESULTS DIGESTED SLUDGE SOLIDS LOST ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY DIGESTED SLUDGE LIQUIDS HIGHLY ANTI-ESTROGENIC

  14. Acknowledgements Dave Newman & Sondra Teske Susan Brew Matt Giardiana and AzSGC Staff Bingfeng Dong

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