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Melodic Similarity

Melodic Similarity . CS 275B/Music 254. "Natural history" of similarity. Concept of similarity fundamental to organization of most art music Types of similarity widely variant Roles of similarity widely variant Similarity in art music is intentional. Accidental matches. Target:

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Melodic Similarity

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  1. Melodic Similarity CS 275B/Music 254

  2. "Natural history" of similarity • Concept of similarity fundamental to organization of most art music • Types of similaritywidely variant • Roles of similaritywidely variant • Similarity in art music is intentional 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  3. Accidental matches • Target: • Some hits: • Bach WTC • Bizet: Carmen • Saint-Saens: Carnival (via Offenbach) • Mozart: Symphony No. 41, IV 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  4. Melodic “Invisibility” Factors • Elaboration of something simple • Compound melodies (monophonic) • Psycho-acoustic tricks (polyphonic) • Rotating melodies • Ambiguous foreground/background • Metrical ambiguity 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  5. Elaboration Bach, Art of Fugue (after Wiering et al.) 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  6. Classic features of melody 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field • Eerola et al, MP (2001): Statistical vs perceptual melodic similarity • Material used: Finnish folk songs • Frequency distributions (music) • Tones • Intervals • Durations • Two-tone transitions • Frequency distributions (listeners) • Tessitura • Mean pitch • Rhythmic activity • Rhythmic variability • Melodic predictability

  7. Recency, Latency 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field • Baroni et al. • (linguistics based; 1984 et al.) • Melodic kernel • Tessitura • Start and end points, by phrase

  8. Muellensiefen: Algorithmic vs Human Judgment Works by Passion Fruit • Repertory: popular • Data: MIDI • Processes include: • contour generalization • aliasing • fuzzification • Features: • intervals • contour • rhythm • harmony • recurrent motifs 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  9. Perceptual tricks • Compound melody • Distributed melody One voice that we hear as two Two voices that we hear as one 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  10. Rotating melodies B, T, B, T; A, S Haydn: “Archduke” String Quartet 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  11. Perceptual tricks: Ambiguous foreground/background Schubert 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  12. Perceptual tricks: Metrical ambiguity Ratner Brahms 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  13. A similarity study: Ballodi Mantova 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  14. Ballo di Mantova 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

  15. Websites for literature on similarity • www.ismir.net Proceedings for individuals years can be downloaded 2013 Eleanor Selfridge-Field

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